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Medical Terminology and Anatomy > Cardiology-Treatments and Medications > Flashcards

Cardiology-Treatments and Medications Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Atenolol

A

Brand name: Tenormin

Beta Blocker

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2
Q

Metoprolol

A

Brand name: Lopressor, Toprol XL

Beta Blocker

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3
Q

Nebivolol

A

Brand name: Bystolic

Beta Blocker

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4
Q

Propranolol

A

Brand name: Inderal

Beta blocker

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5
Q

Carvedilol

A

Brand name: Coreg

Beta blocker

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6
Q

Esmolol

A

Brand name: Brevibloc

Beta blocker

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7
Q

Amlodipine

A

Brand name: Norvasc

Calcium channel blockers

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8
Q

Diltiazem

A

Brand name: Cardizem, Tiazac

Calcium channel blockers

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9
Q

Felodipine

A

Brand name: Plendil

Calcium channel blockers

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10
Q

Nicardipine

A

Brand name: Cardene

Calcium channel blockers

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11
Q

Isradipine

A

Brand name: Dynacirc

Calcium channel blocker

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12
Q

Nifedipine

A

Brand name: Procardia

Calcium channel blocker

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13
Q

Nisoldipine

A

Brand name: Sular

Calcium channel blocker

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14
Q

Verapamil

A

Brand name: Calan, Verelan

Calcium channel blocker

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15
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Brand name: HydroDiuril

Diuretics

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16
Q

Metolazone

A

Brand name: Zaroxolyn, Diulo

Diuretics

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17
Q

Bumetanide

A

Brand name: Bumex

Diuretics

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18
Q

Furosemide

A

Brand name: Lasix

Diuretics

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19
Q

Spironlactone

A

Brand name: Aldactone

Diuretics

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20
Q

Methyclothiazide

A

Brand name: Enduron

Diuretics

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21
Q

Quinidine

A

Brand name: Cardioquin, Quinaglute, Quinalan, Quinidex

Antiarrhythmic Class I

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22
Q

Procainamide

A

Brand name: Pronestyl, Procan, Procanbid

Antiarrhythmic Class I

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23
Q

Disopyramide

A

Brand name: Norpace

Antiarrhythmic Class I

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24
Q

Lidocaine

A

Brand name: Xylocaine

Antiarrhythmic Class I

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25
Q

Phenytoin

A

Brand name: Dilantin, Phenytex

Antiarrhythmic Class I

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26
Q

Mexiletine

A

Brand name: Mexitil

Antiarrhythmic Class I

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27
Q

Flecainide

A

Brand name: Tambocor

Antiarrhythmic Class I

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28
Q

Propafenone

A

Brand name: Rythmol

Antiarrhythmic Class I

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29
Q

Carvedilol

A

Brand name: Coreg

Antiarrhythmic Class II

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30
Q

Propanolol

A

Brand name: Inderal

Antiarrhythmic Class II

31
Q

Esmolol

A

Brand name: Brevibloc

Antiarrhythmic Class II

32
Q

Timolol

A

Brand name: Blocadren

Antiarrhythmic Class II

33
Q

Metoprolol

A

Brand name: Lopressor

Antiarrhythmic Class II

34
Q

Atenolol

A

Brand name: Tenormin

Antiarrhythmic Class II

35
Q

Amiodarone

A

Brand name: Cordarone, Pacerone

Antiarrhythmic Class III

36
Q

Sotalol

A

Brand name: Betapace

Antiarrhythmic Class III

37
Q

Ibutilide

A

Brand name: Corvert

Antiarrhythmic Class III

38
Q

Dofetilde

A

Brand name: Tikosyn

Antiarrhythmic Class III

39
Q

Dronedarone

A

Brand name: Multaq

Antiarrhythmic Class III

40
Q

Verapamil

A

Brand name: Calan

Antiarrhythmic Class IV

41
Q

Diltiazem

A

Brand name: Cardizem

Antiarrhythmic Class IV

42
Q

Adenosine

A

Brand name: Adenocard

Antiarrhythmic Class V

43
Q

Digoxin

A

Brand name: Lanoxin

Antiarrhythmic Class V

44
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

A

Brand name: Magnesium Sulfate

Antiarrhythmic Class V

45
Q

Benazepril

A

Brand name: Lotensin

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

46
Q

Enalapril

A

Brand name: Vasotec

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

47
Q

Lisonopril

A

Brand name: Prinivil, Zestril

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

48
Q

Quinapril

A

Brand name: Accupril

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

49
Q

Ramipril

A

Brand name: Altace

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

50
Q

Candesartan

A

Brand name: Atacand

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)

51
Q

Irbesartan

A

Brand name: Avapro

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

52
Q

Olmesartan

A

Brand name: Benicar

Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

53
Q

Losartan

A

Brand name: Cozaar

Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

54
Q

Valsartan

A

Brand name: Diovan

Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

55
Q

Telmisartan

A

Brand name: Micardis

Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

56
Q

Eprosartan

A

Brand name: Teveten

Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

57
Q

Apixaban

A 
Brand name: Eliquis
Oral Anticoagulants (OAC)
58
Q

Dabigatran

A 
Brand name: Pradaxa
Oral Anticoagulants (OAC)
59
Q

Rivaroxaban

A 
Brand name: Xarelto
Oral Anticoagulants (OAC)
60
Q

Edoxaban

A 
Brand name: Savaysa
Oral Anticoagulants (OAC)
61
Q

Warfarin

A 
Brand name: Coumadin, Jantoven
Oral Anticoagulants (OAC)
62
Q

Troponin

A

A troponin test measures the levels of troponin T or troponin I proteins in the blood. These proteins are released when the heart muscle has been damaged, such as occurs with a heart attack. The more damage there is to the heart, the greater the amount of troponin T and I there will be in the blood.
-Obtained via a blood test

63
Q

CK-MB

A

A creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) test may be used as a follow-up test to an elevated creatine kinase (CK) in order to determine whether the increase is due to heart damage or skeletal muscle damage. The test is most likely to be ordered if a person has chest pain or if a person’s diagnosis is unclear, such as if a person has nonspecific symptoms like shortness of breath, extreme fatigue, dizziness, or nausea.

64
Q

BNP

A

To help detect, diagnose, and in some cases evaluate the severity of heart disease, including congestive heart failure (CHF).
When to get tested: When you have symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, excessive fluid in your abdomen, and swollen ankles and legs after a heart attack or during treatment for heart disease
-Tests for BNP and NT-proBNP measure their levels in the blood in order to detect and evaluate heart failure. The two tests are not interchangeable and should not be used together. Your healthcare practitioner should order one or the other but not both.

65
Q

CBC

A

Complete blood count: To determine your general health status; to screen for, diagnose, or monitor any one of a variety of diseases and conditions that affect blood cells, such as anemia, infection, inflammation, bleeding disorder or cancer

66
Q

Pericardial fluid Analysis

A

A sample of fluid collected from the pericardial sac using a procedure called a pericardiocentesis. To help diagnose the cause of inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart (pericardium) and/or fluid accumulation around the heart.

67
Q

Cardiac Imaging

A
  • Cardiac MRI
  • Cardiac CT
  • Cardiac PET/CT
  • Echocardiography
  • Stress nuclear perfusion cardiac imaging
  • SPECT/CT
  • Gated SPECT blood pool imaging
  • First pass imaging
  • Carotid ultrasound
  • Echocardiography
  • 2-D and 3-D transthoracic echocardiography
  • 2-D and 3-D transesophageal echocardiography
  • Stress echocardiography
  • Treadmill stress echo
  • Bicycle stress echo
  • Pharmacologic (dobutamine) stress echo
  • Interventional echocardiography
68
Q

Echocardiogram/echocardiography/diagnostic cardiac ultrasound

A

Creates images of the heart and surrounding structures; measures ejection fraction

69
Q

Electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG)

A

Records electrical activity of the heart

70
Q

Cardiac stress test

A

Types include exercise-induced stress test, stress echo, and nuclear stress test

  • Normal result: Uptake on exercise and at rest
  • Ischemia result: No/reduced uptake on exercise, but uptake at rest (reperfusion)
  • Infarct result: No uptake on exercise and no uptake at rest
71
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

A group of procedures that includes coronary angiography and left ventricle angiography; can be diagnostic or therapeutic

72
Q

Holter monitoring/continuous ECG monitoring

A

The patient wears a monitor to evaluate heart rhythm over a period of time

73
Q

Venous Doppler

A

Estimates blood flow through vessels using sound waves

74
Q

Physical Exam Findings: Cardiovascular

A

Normal: Regular rate and rhythm. No murmurs, rubs, or gallops.
Abnormal: Abnormal heart sounds; slow, fast or irregular rate, murmurs, gallop, elevated JVP, claudication

Medical Terminology and Anatomy (49 decks)

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