Glucose Transporters/Ion Channels

Question 1

Hereditary GLUT 1 Deficiency

Answer 1

Rare metabolic encephalopathy.
-Tested by: GLUT-1 of RBCs
-Clinical Features: normal head size at birth, growth of brain and skull slow down, leading to microencephaly
-Infants: epilepsy-like seizures

Question 2

Diagnosis for the following signs and symptoms:
1) Ataxia
2) Delayed Psychomotor development
3) Movement disorders
4) Impaired speech

Answer 2

Hereditary GLUT 1 Deficiency

Question 3

Abundant in RBC, blood brain barrier, kidneys

Answer 3

GLUT 1

Question 4

Dominant in neurons and brain

Answer 4

GLUT 3

Question 5

Sodium dependent glucose cotransport

Answer 5

SGLT

Question 6

SGLT-1 Role

Answer 6

Small intestine, uptake of dietary glucose or galactose

Question 7

SGLT-2 Role

Answer 7

Kidney for reuptake of glucose in the blood

Question 8

Location of GLUT-2 transporters

Answer 8

Hepatocytes (liver), facilitates release of all monosaccharides into portal vein
-Glucose uptake into hepatocytes after meal, release during fasting.

Question 9

The role of pancreatic beta-cells in metabolism

Answer 9

Glucose sensing for insulin secretion

Question 10

GLUT-4 role

Answer 10

Insulin dependent, removal of excess glucose from blood, abundant in fat cells and muscle.

Question 11

Insulin injection can lead to [ what condition ? ] due to: [ physiological process ] via mobilized GLUT-4 transporters

Answer 11

Insulin injection can lead to hypoglycemia due to rapid uptake of blood glucose into skeletal muscle and fat cells via mobilized GLUT-4