Oncology

Question 1

What is used to stage colorectal cancer

Answer 1

Dukes classification
A limited to bowel wall
B extends beyond the bowel wall
C lymph node
D distant metastasis

Question 2

electrolyte abnormalities after chemotherapy

Answer 2

tumour lysis syndrome

Question 3

Mx of tumour lysis syndrome

Answer 3

prophylactic allopurinol
Rasburicase to correct hyperuricaemia
Correct electrolyte abnormalities

Question 4

features of sepsis after chemo, Mx

Answer 4

neutropenic sepsis. pip taz

Question 5

mx of spinal cord compression

Answer 5

compression at a single level: neurosurgical decompression
compression at multiple levels: radiotherapy

Question 6

hypercalcemia of malignancy mx

Answer 6

Iv sodium chloride 0.9%

Question 7

Hyoscine butylbromide indications

Answer 7

Intestinal colic
Respiratory secretions

Question 8

Gabapentin indications palliative care

Answer 8

Neuropathic pain

Question 9

Mx of uncontrolled pain from bony metastasis

Answer 9

IV bisphosphonate e.g, ibandronate

Question 10

lambert eaton syndrome associated with

Answer 10

carcinoma of bronchus

Question 11

managment of anxiety and dyspnea

Answer 11

benzodiazepines e.g. midazolam

Question 12

pathophis of hypercalcemia of malignancy

Answer 12

excessive PTHrP from solid tumours -> increases bone resorption and calcium absorption in the kidneys

Question 13

Moa of allopurinol

Answer 13

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Prevents the conversion of purines into uric acid

Question 14

palliative care nausea and vomiting management x 4 and MOA

Answer 14

cyclizine antimuscarinic
domperidone prokinetic
metaclopramide prokinetic
levomepromazine

Question 15

Mx of respiratory secretions x 2 and difference

Answer 15

hyoscine hydrobromide (crosses the BBB so has a greater sedating and anti-emetic effect)

hyoscine butyl bromide (doesn’t cross the BBB)

Question 16

Mx of breathlessness in palliative care

Answer 16

morphine

Question 17

Mx of pain in palliative care

Answer 17

oxycodone (if can’t tolerate opioids)
morphine
fentanyl (if can’t tolerate opioids)

Question 18

Mx of neuropathic pain 1st and 2nd line

Answer 18

1. antidepressants and gabapentinoids
2. ketamine

Question 19

what antiemetic shouldn’t be used in Parkinson’s and what should be used instead

Answer 19

don’t use metaclopramide
use domperidone

Question 20

glycopyrronium indication

Answer 20

noisy secretions at EOL

Question 21

haloperidol indication

Answer 21

nausea vomiting agitation delirium

Question 22

tumour marker for medullary thyroid cancer, where is it released from

Answer 22

calcitonin
released from C cells / parafollicular cells

Question 23

tumour marker for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, where is it released from

Answer 23

thyroglobulin
released from thyroid follicular cells (epithelial cells)

Question 24

where are most zollinger Ellison gastrinomas found?

Answer 24

head of pancreas or 1st/2nd part of duodenum

Question 25

Meds for confusion and agitation in palliative care (1st 2nd 3rd line)

Answer 25

Oral haloperidol Oral levomepromazine Subcut midazolam

Question 26

Female patient, bone mets are most likely to originate from where?

Answer 26

Breast

Question 27

Male pt, bone mets are more likely to originate from?

Answer 27

Prostate

Question 28

APC gene mutation

Answer 28

FAP

Question 29

How do PET scans work

Answer 29

Radioactive glucose injected Cancer cells are my more metabolically active Increased uptake of glucose shows up on PET scan

Question 30

MSH2 / MLH1 gene mutation

Answer 30

hereditary non polyposis colorectal carcinoma

Question 31

TP53 gene mutation

Answer 31

li fraumeni syndrome