Oesophagus and swallowing disorders Flashcards
Chronic emesis
Primary gastric-
Chronic gastritis
Gastric retention disorder
Ulcers and neoplasia
Pathophysiology of gastric disease
Outflow obstruction
Gastroparesis
Disruption of mucosal barriers
Gastric disease signs
Emesis
Haematemesis
Nausea
Hyper salivation
Retching
Anorexia
Melaena
Belching
Bloating
Borborygmi
Weightloss
Chronic emesis Dx
Distinguish emesis/ regurg
Eliminate 2° causes
Abd imaging
Gastroscopy/ coeliotomy
Symptomatic therapy
Physical exam
Oral - ulcers, linear FB
Abd palpation - pain, FB, mass, distension
Rectal - D+, melaena
Clinical pathology
E-
Haematology
BAST
ACTH stim
cPLI
Urinalysis
Chronic gastritis Tx
Removal aetiologic agent if known
Diet - multi-small meals, hydrolysed protein, hypoallergenic
Acid blocker
Corticosteroids (if nothing else works)
Gastric retention disorders
Food retained >8 hr, Delayed emesis
Anatomical outflow obstruction
Functional disorder
Inflammatory disease
IBD
Ulcers
Anatomical outflow obstruction
Pyloric stenosis - Cong - brachy breeds, pyloroplasty
Neoplasia
Polyp
Functional gastric retention Tx
Treat underlying inflammatory disease
Prokinetics - metoclopramide (1st), ranitidine, erythromycin
Haematemesis causes
Generalised haemorrhage
Swallowed blood (oropharyngeal, nasal)
Severe gastritis
Ulcer
neoplasia
Duodenal disease
Ulcers
Haematemesis
Melaena
Anaemia
Abd pain
Prayer posture (Cr Abd pain)
Peptic ulcer - drugs (NSAID)
Mastocytosis
Tx - sucralfate, H2 antagonist (ranitidine)
Helicobacter
H pylori (human ulcers)
High prevalence
Little evidence
Gastric adenocarcinoma
Infiltrates gastric wall
Ulceration
Lesser curvature
Metastasis to LN
Belgian shepherds
Older animals
Dx - biopsy, imaging
Tx - resection
Palliative care - poor prognosis
