Eq ophthalmology

Question 1

Uveitis

Answer 1

Common and can lead to blindness
Acute
Chronic
Recurrent
Tx - corticosteroid (no ulcer), atropine
Sys NSAID
Sx - suprachoroidal cyclosporine A implant

Question 2

Glaucoma

Answer 2

Cs - Hydrophthalmous, oedema, striae, luxation, blindness
Dx - CS, US, tonometry
Tx - poor progn, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Sx - laser ciliary body destruction, enucleation

Question 3

Anterior uveitis

Answer 3

CS - pain - blepharo, epiphora, chemosis

Question 4

Posterior uveitis

Answer 4

Cs - subtle pain, vitritis,retinal changes

Question 5

Cataract

Answer 5

Common - acquired/ developmental
Normally non progressive
Little visual effect
Retroillumination exam
Tx - not norm tx
Sx in foal
Phacoemulsification

Question 6

Cataract types

Answer 6

Capsular
Nuclear
Perinuclear
Equatorial
Sutural
Complete

Question 7

Optic nerve

Answer 7

Round oval ~ 5mm
Salmon pink

Question 8

Retina

Answer 8

50 vessels radiate from ON
Rest avascular (stars of Winslow)
Neurosensory retina, RPE, choroid, sclera

Question 9

Histology Tapetal fundus -

Answer 9

Neurosensory retina
Retinal pigmented epithelium
Tapetum
Choroid
Sclera

Question 10

Non tapetal fundus

Answer 10

Neurosensory retina
Retinal pigmented epithelium
Choroid
Sclera

Question 11

Histology

Answer 11

Assess depth-
Neurosensory - clingfilm
RPE - black
Tapetum - blue/ amber
Choroid - red
Sclera - white
Pigmental clumping indicates Pth

Question 12

Eyelid laceration

Answer 12

Lower and lateral better

Question 13

Eyelid neoplasia

Answer 13

Sarcoid
Other masses

Question 14

Ulcerative keratitis

Answer 14

CS - pain, epiphora, bleph, photophobia
Dx - fluorescein
Superficial - self resolve, topical AM, no scar
Deep - topical Am + Atropine, will scar

Question 15

Keratomalacia

Answer 15

Melting ulcer
Proteolytic enzymes (epi/ microbes)
Early aggressive Tx
Tx - Topical sera, EDTA, Acetylcysteine, Doxy
Sys - NSAID (flunixin)

Question 16

Descemetocele

Answer 16

Fluoro -ve
Same Tx as deep melting ulcers
Sx indicated
- conjunctival flap

Question 17

Stromal abscess

Answer 17

Fluoro -ve
Tx - AM
Sx - debride, corneal graft

Question 18

Viral keratitis

Answer 18

EHV2
Multi opacities (white, superficial)
Pain
Dx - PCR (hard)
Tx - idoxuridine , IFN gamma

Question 19

Fungal keratitis

Answer 19

Rare UK
Poorly vascularised lesions
Cytology and culture
Tx - slow resolve, Miconazole
Sx - keratectomy, conjunctival flap

Question 20

Immune mediated keratopathies

Answer 20

Insidious unilateral onset
Slight discomfort
Irregular surface -> deep bullae
Tx - topical corticosteroid
Sx - keratectomy, Cyclo A implant