Ocular Testing of Autonomic System Damage (M2)

Question 1

What are examples of sympathomimetics?

Answer 1

phenylepherine, cocaine, hydroxyamphetamine, alphagan aproclonidine

Question 2

What percentage is phenylepherine used in optometry? 1. What is its mechanism? 2

Answer 2

1. 2.5%

2. alpha agonist (direct)

Question 3

What are examples of parasympathomimetics?

Answer 3

pilocarpine

Question 4

What is pilocarpine used to treat?

Answer 4

glaucoma

Question 5

What are examples of sympatholytics?

Answer 5

timolol

Question 6

What is the mechanism of timolol? 1. What is it used to treat? 2

Answer 6

1. selective beta blocker

2. glaucoma

Question 7

What are examples of parasympatholytics?

Answer 7

1. tropicamide (1%)
2. cyclopentolate (1%)
3. atropine

Question 8

What is the strongest cycloplegic? 1. What is it used to treat? 2

Answer 8

1. atropine

2. amblyopia (put in non-amblyopic eye)

Question 9

Which parasympatholytic works better on the sphincter? 1. On ciliary body? 2

Answer 9

1. tropicamide

2. cyclopentolate

Question 10

If there is damage to the sympathetic system to the eye what is the result in the pupil?

Answer 10

miosis

Question 11

If there is damage to the parasympathetic system to the eye what is the result in the pupil?

Answer 11

mydriasis

Question 12

If a patient has Horners and cocaine (10%) is applied will there be mydriasis?

Answer 12

no

Question 13

If a patient has Horners and aproclonidine is applied will there be mydriasis?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

If a patient has Horners and hydroxyamphetamine is applied and the eye dilates then where is the paresis?

Answer 14

central or preganglionic oculosympathetic paresis

Question 15

If a patient has Horners and phenylepherine (1%) is applied and the eye dilates then where is the paresis?

Answer 15

postganglionic oculosympathetic paresis

Question 16

How long must a lesion be present for aproclonidine to detect it? 1. When do you never use aproclonidine? 2

Answer 16

1. 36 hours

2. on infants

Question 17

What is the mechanism of pilocarpine?

Answer 17

direct acting muscarinic (M3) agonist

Question 18

What causes dennervation hypersensitivity so the pupil will constrict to heavily diluted pilocarpine?

Answer 18

Adies

Question 19

With CN III compression, will the pupil constrict to dilute pilocarpine?

Answer 19

No, only 1% pilo