Cerebrospinal Fluid (F)

Question 1

Where is CSF located?

Answer 1

1. ventricles

2. subarachnoid space of brain and spinal cord

Question 2

How much CSF is commonly present?

Answer 2

100-160 mL

Question 3

How much CSF is produced daily?

Answer 3

500 mL

Question 4

List the areas of CSF from most amount to least amount

Answer 4

1. cranial subarachnoid space
2. spinal subarachnoid space
3. lateral ventricular horns
4. third ventricle
5. fourth ventricle

Question 5

How is H2O forced into the ventricles?

Answer 5

Pumps move sodium into ventricles to increase osmolarity. Chloride then pulled in to maintain electroneutrality

Question 6

What is the relative amount of protein in the CSF compared to the blood?

Answer 6

Much less in CSF than blood

Question 7

What is the double fold of pia mater vasculature surrounded by modified ependymal cells called? 1. What does it produce? 2

Answer 7

1. Choroid plexus

2. CSF

Question 8

What is the interventricular foramen between the body of the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle?

Answer 8

Foramen Monro

Question 9

What is the interventricular foramen between the body of the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle?

Answer 9

Foramen Monro

Question 10

What is the only way out of the ventricles for fluid? 1. Where does it go into? 2

Answer 10

1. through the roof of 4th ventricle

2. superior sagittal sinus

Question 11

What are the locations of the choroid plexus?

Answer 11

1. floor of body of lateral ventricle
2. roof of inferior horn of lateral ventricle
3. roof of third ventricle
4. roof of fourth ventricle

Question 12

Where does CSF flow once in the 4th ventricle?

Answer 12

1. Foramen of Luschka (lateral)
2. Foramen of Magendie (medial)
3. Central canal

Question 13

How does CSF flow from the subarachnoid space to the superior sagittal sinus?

Answer 13

Through arachnoid villi

Question 14

When CSF drainage is impaired what is the result?

Answer 14

hydrocephalus

Question 15

What is the sign a hydrocephalus where there is a great deal of pressure buildup causing damage and is a sign of most likely fatality soon?

Answer 15

sunset eye sign or setting sun phenomenon

Question 16

What is the sign a hydrocephalus where there is a great deal of pressure buildup causing damage and is a sign of most likely fatality soon?

Answer 16

sunset eye sign or setting sun phenomenon

Question 17

What is unilateral papillitus most likely a sign of?

Answer 17

inflammation (MS, infections, lesions)

Question 18

What is bilateral papilledema most likely a sign of?

Answer 18

cancer

Question 19

If there is unilateral papilledema from a cancer then what is it called?

Answer 19

Foster-Kennedy Syndrome

Question 20

If there is bilateral papilledema and the MRI shows it is not a tumor what is it? 1. What is the epidemiology of this? 2. What is the treatment? 3

Answer 20

1. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri)
2. fat, forty, female, adolescent males
3. decrease fluids like HTN (diuretic)

Question 21

What are the types of shunts to treat hydrocephalus and severe pseudotumor (and which are most common in children)?

Answer 21

1. Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) (common in children)
2. Ventriculoatrial (VA) (common in children)
3. Ventericulopleural (VPL)
4. Lumboperitoneal (LP)