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Patho 2 > OBS, Twins, Peds SUPP > Flashcards

OBS, Twins, Peds SUPP Flashcards

1
Q

What is a full term pregnancy

A

37 week gestational age

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2
Q

What is the normal average birth weight

A

7-9 lbs for s singleton

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3
Q

The amniotic sac has 2 layers. Describe the inner layer

A

Amnion;
- thinner more delicate membrane
- closest to the fetus
- maintains a stable temp around the baby

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4
Q

The amniotic sac has 2 layers. Describe the outer layer

A

Chorion;
- thicker more robust membrane
- attaches the amniotic sac to the uterine wall

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5
Q

What is the function of the amniotic fluid

A
  • cushions the fetus
  • allows for movement
  • maintains temperature
  • encourages lung development
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6
Q

What is the yolk sac and its function?

A

Aka the umbilicals vesicle
- provides endocrine, metabolic, and immune function
- produces first blood cells and vessels (hematopoesis)
- role dismisses once placenta is developed

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7
Q

What is the umbilical cord?

A
  • a tube that connects the fetus to the placenta and houses vital blood vessels too and from the placenta
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8
Q

What happens at 4 weeks during pregnancy?

A
  • embryo size is of a grain of rice
  • placenta begins to develop
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9
Q

What happens at 8 weeks of pregnancy?

A
  • facial features, neural tube, bones and organs begin to form
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10
Q

What happens at 12 weeks of pregnancy?

A
  • fully formed arms and legs
  • fingernails begin to develop
  • baby weighs about 1 oz
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11
Q

When do Rh- mothers get an injection of rhogam human immunoglobulin?

A

At 28 weeks

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12
Q

What happens at 16 weeks of pregnancy?

A
  • finger and toes are well defined
  • has hair, eyelashes ect.
  • able to suck thumb and yawn
  • HR may now be detectable
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13
Q

What happens at 20 weeks of pregnancy

A
  • has lanugo and vernix
  • movement can be felt
    About 10” long and 1/2 - 1 lb
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14
Q

What happens at 24 weeks of pregnancy

A
  • Visible finger and toe prints
  • eyes can open
  • responds to sounds and pressure
  • HR increases and biological viable
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15
Q

Pre labour contractions (Braxton hiccs)

A
  • only part of the uterus tightens
  • short durations
  • contractions may not get closer together
  • intensity does not increase
  • irregular timing
  • changing position or activity stops them
  • no change in strength while walking
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16
Q

What are true labour contractions?

A
  • pain tightens across entire uterus and possibly into the back
  • duration gets longer (up to 60 seconds)
  • timings grow closer together
  • intensity increases
  • regular pattern
  • changing activity stops contractions
  • walking makes the contractions stronger
17
Q

What does lightening mean?

A

2-4 weeks before labour the baby descends into the pelvis

18
Q

What does nesting mean?

A

1-2 days prior to Labour Day

19
Q

What does show mean?

A

Hours to weeks prior there is bloody or mucus discharge

20
Q

When does rupture of the membrane occur?

A

Anytime from labour start to birth

21
Q

When to rupture of the membranes become concerning?

A

If there is meconium staining in the fluid or if labour has not progressed >24 hours after membrane has ruptured

22
Q

What does effacement mean?

A

The thinning of cervical membrane as dilation occurs. It indicates contractions are pressing fetus down and out

23
Q

How is the duration of a contraction measured?

A

The beginning to the end of the contraction

24
Q

How is the frequency of the contraction measured?

A

The beginning of one contraction to the beginning to the next contraction. This measures how far apart each contraction is

25
Q

The placenta will start to detach within….

A

20 mins DO NOT PULL IT

26
Q

What are complications of perineal tears?

A
  • can be large enough to cause a hemorrhage
  • can result in infection
  • prolonged healing and often sutured
27
Q

Characteristic of 1st and 2nd degree perineal tear

A

1st; a skin tear
2nd; skin and muscle tear

28
Q

Characteristic of 3rd and 4th degree perineal tear

A

3rd; torn through anal sphincter
4th; torn through rectum and anal sphincter

29
Q

What is the average birthweight of twins?

A

5-7 lbs each

30
Q

What should be noted with identical twins regarding amniotic sac and placenta

A
  • they could share or have separate amniotic sacs
  • they share a placenta
31
Q

What should be noted with fraternal twins with regard to amniotic sac and placenta

A

They both have their own amniotic sac and placenta

32
Q

What are the risk with twins?

A
  • gestational HTN
  • gestational Diabetes
  • preterm delivery
  • c-sections
33
Q

What are mono/di twins.

A

They are twins that are monochorionic (share a placenta) and diamniotic (have their own amniotic sac.

34
Q

What are the risks of mono/di twins

A

One of the twins monopolizes placental blood floe and the other is deprived and malnourished

35
Q

What are the risks of mono mono twins

A

Because they share the same amitotic sac they run the risk of cord tangling

Patho 2 (30 decks)

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