burns lecture

Question 1

deaths often occur during the healing process in burn centers are due to what ?

Answer 1

respiratory related illnesses such as pnemonia or infections. conditions such as SIRS, Sepsis, and ARDS.

Question 2

loss of protective skin layers and fluid imbalance makes burn patients vunerable to…

Answer 2

infections

Question 3

what is rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 3

a condition where muscle tissue breaks down and releases myoglobin in the blood stream

Question 4

how does rhabdomyolysis lead to renal failure

Answer 4

due to the formations of casts (solidified proteins) in the renal tubule which blocks the filtration process

Question 5

what is released by the pancrease and other organs during sever burns?

Answer 5

myocardial depressant factor

Question 6

what does the release of MDF lead to?

Answer 6

decrease in myocardial contractility and can worsent the overall circulatory shock

Question 7

why do burn patients have an increase in hematocrit?

Answer 7

this is because of the leakage of plasma from the damaged cappilaries resulting in a greater concentration of red blood cells

Question 8

why are high voltage electricity injuries more likely to result in amputaions?

Answer 8

electricity causes sever internal damage such as coagulation necrosis in the tissues along its pathway.

Question 9

burn injuries cause protein exudation. what happens to the oncotic pressure when proteins are lost into the interstitium?

Answer 9

the oncotic pressure decreases

Question 10

because the oncotic pressure decreases due to the protein exudation what happens to the hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 10

hydrostatic pressure increases

Question 11

a decrease in oncotic pressure and an increase in hydrostatic pressure causes what to happen?

Answer 11

it causes more fluid to leak out into the interstitial spaces (third spacing edema) which worsens hypovolemia and reducing cardiac output.

Question 12

pass through electrical burns

Answer 12

electrical current moves through the body potentially damaging internal tissues/organs

Question 13

flash burns electrical

Answer 13

the current jumps causing burns mainly to the skin

Question 14

what is sick cell syndrome?

Answer 14

when burns cause cellular injury they can have a decrease in perfusion causing the release of cytochrome c which triggers self destruction in cells

Question 15

burns trigger an inflamatory response, how does this contribute to edema?

Answer 15

the inflamatory response allows for an increase in vasodialation which increases capillary permiability allowing more fluid to pass through

Question 16

zone of coagulation

Answer 16

• zone with the moste severe tissue damage.
• irreversible tissue loss due to coagulation

Question 17

why is the area unsalvagable in the zone of coagulation

Answer 17

because of the blood stasis that cuts of oxygen supply

Question 18

zone of stasis

Answer 18

• area can be save with early intervention
• requires reprofusion to restore blood flow

Question 19

what is contracture

Answer 19

a complication from serious burns that when healed the muscles, tendons, and skin becomes stiff and impairs mobility

Question 20

zone of hyperemia

Answer 20

• outermost layer where tissiue is least damaged
• recover is possible

Question 21

biting electrical cords could rupture which arteria

Answer 21

labial artery

Question 22

pull away reflex usually occurs witch what level of voltage?

Answer 22

6-16 milliamps

Question 23

tetany occurs at high level voltages such as

Answer 23

up to 100 milliams and ubove