Nutrition - T2D Wk 4 Flashcards
What are the key risk factors for type 2 Diabetes?
- genetics
- obesity
- age
- history of gestational diabetes
- sedentary lifestyle
- tobacco smoking
What is the goal of nutrition therapy in managing T2D?
to maintain or improve quality of life and nutritional and physiological health
What is the recommended macronutrient distribution for individuals with T2D?
45-60% carbohydrates
10-35% proteins
20-35% fats
why is meal timing important for individuals with diabetes?
it helps manage blood sugar levels, especially for those on insulin
what is the Mediterranean diet known for in diabetes management?
it is considered the best dietary approach to prevent cardiovascular disease and improve glycemic control
What does the DASH diet emphasize?
reducing sodium intake and increasing potassium through a focus on fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy
What is the significance of the Glycemic Index (GI)?
it assesses the quality of carbohydrate-containing foods based on their ability to raise blood glucose
What types of carbohydrates should be limited for diabetes management?
added sugars, specially fructose-containing sugars and sugar-sweetened beverages
what is the recommended protein intake for individuals with T2D?
0.8 g per kg body weight, with usual intake being 1-1.5 g per kg body weight
what role do dietary fibers play in diabetes management?
they help slow gastric emptying and delay glucose absorption, aiding in blood sugar control
why is individualized nutrition therapy important for T2D patients?
it considers personal preferences, cultural factors, and specific health goals for effective management
what percentage of daily energy intake should come from carbohydrates for individuals with T2D?
45-60% of total energy intake
what is the recommended approach for carbohydrate intake throughout the day?
carbohydrate intake should be spaced throughout the day to manage blood sugar levels effectively
What is the significance of weight loss for individuals with T2D?
a weight loss of 5-10% of initial body weight can improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity
how does the ketogenic diet affect individuals with T2D?
it may improve glycemic control and facilitate weight loss but is difficult for long-term adherence
what are low glycemic index (GI) foods?
Foods with a GI score of 55 or less, which raise blood glucose levels more slowly
what is the role of artificial sweeteners in diabetes management?
they can be used as substitutes for sugar to help manage blood sugar levels
what dietary factors should be considered when making recommendations for diabetes patients?
Ethnocultural factors, including cultural foods, dining habits, and food preparation techniques
what is the recommended daily intake of olive oil in the Mediterranean diet?
at least 4 tablespoons per day
what types of fats should be emphasized in a diabetes-friendly diet?
polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) should replace saturated fats from meat
what is the importance of regular meal timing for glycemic control?
it helps stabilize blood sugar levels and can improve overall management of diabetes
what are the potential risks of excessively low sodium intake in a diet?
it may increase mortality risk if sodium intake is below 1500 mg per day
what is the general recommendation for protein intake in individuals with T2D?
0.8 g per kg body weight, with usual intake being 1-1.5 g per kg body weight
