Nutrition - Obesity Wk 2 Flashcards
What is Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)?
NAFLD is a disorder of dysregulated fuel storage that may progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the progression of NAFLD to a more severe condition?
NAFLD can progress to Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) once liver inflammation and damage occur
what are some risk factors for NAFLD?
- obesity
- sedentary lifestyle
insulin resistance
what are the 3 main monosaccharides?
- glucose
- fructose
- galactose
what is the storage form of carbohydrates in plants?
starch
how does fructose metabolism differ from glucose metabolism?
fructose is primarily metabolized in the liver and does not require insulin for transport, while glucose metabolism is regulated by insulin
What dietary factors can influence the development of NAFLD?
Excess caloric intake, added sugars, and high fructose corn syrup
What are some recommended dietary modifications for managing NAFLD
- avoid excess sugar
- reduce saturated/trans fats
- increase vegetable consumption
- exercise
what diet is often recommended for preventing and treating NAFLD?
Mediterranean diet
What are some foods recommended in the Mediterranean diet?
- olive oil
- tree nuts
- fresh fruits
- vegetables
- fish
- legumes
- whole grains
What should be avoided in the diet to help manage NAFLD?
soda, commercial bakery goods, sweets, and red/processed meats
What is the role of carbohydrates in the context of NAFLD
carbohydrates serve as primary energy sources, but excess fructose can lead to increased triglyceride synthesis in the liver
what is a foundational intervention for managing NAFLD
diet and lifestyle counseling
what is the importance of exercise in managing NAFLD?
exercise helps reduce liver fat and improve overall metabolic health
What is Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)?
NASH is a more severe form of NAFLD characterized by liver inflammation and damage
What are the physiological roles of glucose in the body?
glucose serves as the primary energy source for cells and is metabolized in most body tissues
what is the significance of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in NAFLD?
HFCS is a major source of added sugars that can contribute to the development of NAFLD
What are the dietary sources of fructose?
fruits, some vegetables, honey, agave nectar, and processed foods containing HFCS
How does excess fructose consumption affect the liver?
it can lead to increased triglyceride synthesis and fat accumulation in the liver
what are some lifestyle factors that can help prevent NAFLD?
- maintaining a healthy weight
- regular physical activity
- balanced diet
what is the recommended daily intake of olive oil in the Mediterranean diet?
at least 4 tablespoons per day
what types of fats should be reduced in the diet to manage NAFLD?
saturated and trans fats
what is the role of dietary fiber in managing NAFLD?
Dietary fiber can help regulate blood sugar levels and improve overall metabolic health
What are some common comorbidities associated with NAFLD?
diabetes, obesity, and hypertension
what is the importance of patient education in managing NAFLD?
educating patients about dietary and lifestyle modifications is crucial for effective management
what is the recommended frequency of fish consumption in the Mediterranean diet?
at least 2 servings per week, with an emphasis on fatty fish
what are the recommended servings of legumes in the Mediterranean diet?
at least 3 servings per week
what is the impact of sedentary lifestyle on NAFLD?
a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of developing NAFLD due to reduced energy expenditure and metabolic dysfunction
