Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

pharm II > NSAIDS + other Analgesics > Flashcards

NSAIDS + other Analgesics Flashcards

1
Q

Where on the pain pathway do NSAIDs work?

A
  1. Transduction
  2. Modulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the selective COX-2 inhibitors

A
  1. Carprofen
  2. Deracoxib
  3. Robenacoxib
  4. Firocoxib
  5. Meloxicam
  6. Piroxicam
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List the selective COX-1 inhibitors

A

Aspirin (ASA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List the NON-selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors

A
  1. Phenylbutazone
  2. Flunixin meglumine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the main effects of NSAIDs?

A
  1. Prevent inflammation by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes
  2. Most commonly used analgesic
  3. Anti-pyretic (anti-fever)
  4. Inhibits tumor growth (anti-angiogenesis)
  5. Possible anti-endotoxic effects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

NSAIDs should not be used concurrently with __________

A

Corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What organ specific side effects do NSAIDs and corticosteroids have in common?

A
  1. GI ulceration
  2. Renal injury
  3. Hepatic injury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are NSAIDs normally administered?

A

PO or IM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why do NSAIDs have good oral bioavailability?

A

Weak acid in acidic environment (non-ionized) that can be absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can affect the oral bioavailability of NSAIDs?

A

Food in stomach

adsorbs to feed and causes reduced GI absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

NSAIDs have a ________ volume of distribution

A

LOW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What should be considered when giving NSAIDs with other drugs?

A

Highly protein bound, can knock off other drugs and make them more available/potent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What NSAID has the shortest half life, making it more appropriate for use in cats?

A

Robenacoxib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What NSAID has the longest half life?

A

Meloxicam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If you want and anti-thrombotic effect, a _____ dose of aspirin should be used

A

LOW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If you want and pro-thrombotic effect, a _____ dose of aspirin should be used

A

HIGH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

__________ is a human NSAID that is extremely toxic in dogs

A

Naproxen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

________ is an NSAID commonly used for its anti-neoplastic effects

A

Piroxicam (anti-angiogenic)

blocks COX-2 expressed by a number of tumor types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

________ is an NSAID commonly used for its anti-thrombotic effects at low doses

A

Aspirin

Inhibits thromboxane A2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What general adverse effects can be seen with NSAIDs?

A

Vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do NSAIDs work on the renal system?

A

Inhibition of prostaglandin decreases blood flow to the kidney, which can result in ischemic necrosis

risk is higher in cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_________ is a non-NSAID with the greatest risk of hepatotoxicity in cats

A

Acetaminophen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the result of use of phenylbutazone in dogs?

A

Toxicity leading to bone marrow suppression/agranulocytosis?

24
Q

What must be considered when switching from an NSAID to a corticosteroid?

A

Washout period!!! (1-2 weeks)

25
What must be considered when switching from a corticosteroid to an NSAID?
ALWAYS WEAN STEROIDS
26
How can you tell what an appropriate washout period is?
Based on half life
27
Approved uses of Meloxicam in cats and dogs?
1. Cats - **single injection** after a spay 2. Dogs - Osteoarthritis
28
COX-2 inhibitors that are most commonly used in small animals?
1. Carprofen 2. Meloxicam 3. Deracoxib
29
Firocoxib is approved for use in _________
Dogs and horses
30
____________ is the 1st NSAID approved for multiple doses in cats (SID for up to 3 days)
Robenacoxib
31
MOA of Flunixin Meglumine?
Non-selective COX inhibitor
32
Main clinical uses for flunixin meglumine?
1. Analgesic for colic and endotoxemia in horses 2. **Visceral pain** in cattle 3. Antipyretic in swine with resp disease **LA USE ONLY**
33
Considerations when choosing what route of admin for flunixin meglumine?
**Never give IM in horses** - muscle necrosis - Intracarotid artery injections can cause seizures/CNS stimulation (Admin IV into jug vein!!)
34
Flunixin meglumine should be avoided in what species?
Specifically birds due to renal toxicity but dont use in small animals either LA only
35
MOA for phenylbutazone?
Non selective COX inhibitor
36
Main clinical uses for phenylbutazone?
**Musculoskeletal** pain in horses **BANNED IN DAIRY CATTLE**
37
Phenylbutazone should not be given in what routes of admin?
Do not give IM or SC **tissue necrosis**
38
_________ can mask lameness in race horses, so a withdrawal time may be required
Phenylbutazone
39
MOA of grapiprant?
PGE2 EP4 receptor antagonist non-cox inhibiting NSAID
40
Why might grapiprant be used over other NSAIDs?
Blocks **PGE2 EP4** specifically, without blocking PGE2 totally **less renal and GI side effects**
41
Main clinical uses for grapiprant?
**Dogs Only** - Pain and inflamm associated with osteoarthritis
42
True or False: Acetaminophen is used for its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties
FALSE Good for pain and fever but not good for inflammation
43
A cat comes into your clinic with facial swelling and cynotic coloring of the tongue. Respiratory distress was ruled out. What do you suspect?
Acetaminophen toxicity due to methemoglobinemia
44
Which drugs target nerve growth factor?
1. Frunevetmab 2. Bedinvetmab **biologics - monoclonal antibody**
45
Clinical use for Frunevetmab and Bedinvetmab?
Control of chronic osteoarthritis pain in dogs and cats
46
Gabapentin and Amantadine work on what parts of the pain pathway?
Modulation
47
True or False: Gabapentin is a GABA receptor agonist
False
48
MOA of Amantadine?
Analgesic effects through NMDA receptor antagonist
49
Main clinical use for Gabapentin?
1. Control of neuropathic pain 2. Stress reduction 3. Seizures in rabbits
50
What adverse effects can Gabapentin have?
1. Can cause ataxia and sedation 2. Caution with existing renal dz (excreted by kidneys) 3. Human oral gaba contains xylitol (toxic)
51
Which of the following has a narrow therapeutic index in small animals? A. Gabapentin B. Amantadine
Amantadine
52
Main clinical use for amantadine?
1. Neuropathic pain 2. Good adjunct for chronic pain
53
What route of administration is Amantadine given?
PO (oral)
54
List the non-COX analgesics
1. Acetaminophen 2. Frunevetmab 3. Bedinvetmab 4. Gabapentin 5. Amantadine
55
What formulation of gabapentin is contraindicated in dogs?
Human oral version containing **xylitol**
56
Aspirin has the longest half life in what species?
Cats

pharm II (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions