Anti-hypertensives

Question 1

What is the MOA of benazepril?

Answer 1

ACE inhibitor

Question 2

List the ACE inhibitors

Answer 2

• Benazepril
• Enalapril

Question 3

What are the benefits of benazepril vs enalapril?

Answer 3

Benazepril:
- longer half life, SID dosing
- hepatic and renal metabolism, better for the kidneys

Question 4

Main uses of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 4

• CHF
• Hypertension
• Protein loosing renal dz (glomerulonephropathy)

Question 5

What is the MOA of sildenafil?

A. PDE III inhibitor
B. ACE inhibitor
C. PDE V inhibitor
D. Nitric oxide stimulation

Answer 5

C. Phosphodiesterase V inhibitor

• increased cGMP resulting in nitric oxide mediated vasodilation

Question 6

Main use of sildenafil?

Answer 6

• Tx of pulmonary hypertension
• Megaesophagus in puppies (relaxes low esophageal sphincter)

Question 7

Adverse effects of sildenafil?

Answer 7

• Systemic hypotension
• Contraindicated for concurrent use with nitrates

Question 8

Which of the following is contraindicated for concurrent use with nitrates?

A. Acepromazine
B. Prazosin
C. Sildenafil
D. Benazepril

Answer 8

C. Sildenafil

Question 9

Which of the following is not a direct acting vasodilator?

A. Nitroprusside
B. Nitroglycerine
C. Benazepril
D. Hydralazine

Answer 9

C. Benazepril

Question 10

What is the MOA of Nitroprusside?

Answer 10

Increased formation of NO, resulting in direct arteriolar and venous vasodilation

Question 11

What is the MOA of hydralazine?

Answer 11

• Increases local PGI (prostaglandin) concentration
• direct arteriolar vasodilation

Question 12

Which of the following is a direct acting vasodilator?

A. Enalapril
B. Amlodipine
C. Hydralazine
D. Telmisartan

Answer 12

C. Hydralazine

Question 13

Which of the following is least accurate about ACE inhibitors?

A. Inhibits angiotensin II and aldosterone
B. Used in the treatment of CHF
C. Increase in bradykinin contributes to vasodilation
D. Enalapril is preferred in patients with renal dysfunction

Answer 13

D. Enalapril is preferred in patients with renal dysfunction

Benazepril should be used with renal dz

Question 14

What is the main clinical indication for sildenafil?

A. Tx of bronchial dz
B. Tx of pulmonary edema
C. Tx of systemic hypertension
D. Tx of pulmonary hypertension

Answer 14

D. Tx of pulmonary hypertension

Question 15

What is the main clinical indication for Amlodipine?

A. Tx of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
B. Tx of pulmonary edema
C. Tx of systemic hypertension
D. Tx of pulmonary hypertension

Answer 15

C. Tx of systemic hypertension

Question 16

Which of the following is least accurate regarding nitroprusside?

A. Contraindicated for use concurrently with sildenafil
B. Increases NO resulting in vasodilation
C. Decreases afterload
D. Less balanced arteriolar and venodilator than hydralazine

Answer 16

D. Less balanced arteriolar and venodilator than hydralazine

Question 17

What is the MOA of amlodipine?

Answer 17

Calcium channel blocker

(Resulting in vasodilation, not an anti arrhythmic)

Question 18

What is the DOC for first line treatment of hypertension in cats?

Answer 18

Amlodipine

Question 19

What is the MOA of Telmisartan?

Answer 19

Angiotensin II antagonist

Question 20

What are the 4 main drugs used to treat heart failure/ CHF?

Answer 20

1. Benazepril, Enalapril (ACE Inhibitors)
2. Pimobendan
3. Furosemide
4. Spironolactone

Question 21

What adverse effects can be seen with ACE inhibitors?

Answer 21

• Hypotension
• Azotemia due to decreased GFR
• GI signs

Question 22

Which of the following drugs can be used to treat congenital megaesophagus in puppies?

Answer 22

Sildenafil - NO causes relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter

Question 23

Main uses of Telmisartan?

Answer 23

• Adjunct anti hypertensive to treat cats with systemic hypertension
• Proteinuria in dogs