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pharm II > Immunosuppressive Drugs > Flashcards

Immunosuppressive Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Immune mediated hemolytic anemia results in a __________

A. Type I Hypersensitivity
B. Type II Hypersensitivity
C. Type Iii Hypersensitivity
D. Type IV Hypersensitivity

A

B. Type II Hypersensitivity

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2
Q

What are the most common manifestations of Type III sensitivity?

A
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Drug induced vasculitis in dogs
  • Immune mediated polyarthritis
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3
Q

What is the first line drug used to treat immune mediated diseases?

A

Glucocorticoids

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4
Q

What is the MOA of Prednisone?

A

Phospholipase A2 inhibitor (glucocorticoid)

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5
Q

Differences in dosing prednisone/prednisolone in cats vs dogs?

A

Cats require twice the dosage that dogs require

  • less glucocorticoid receptors
  • Weak binding affinity
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6
Q

What is the MOA of azathioprine?

A

6-TGN incorporated into DNA (cytotoxic)

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7
Q

Which of the following immunosuppressants should not be used in cats, and why?

A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine

A

B. Azathioprine

cats are deficient in ThioPurineMethylTransferase
(results in severe myelosuppression)

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8
Q

What are the clinical indications for use of Azathioprine?

A
  • Dermatological diseases
  • IMHA
  • IBD
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9
Q

What is the MOA of mycophenolate mofetil?

A
  • Inhibits monophosphate dehydrogenase
  • Suppresses lymphocyte proliferation
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10
Q

Which of the following is the DOC for treatment of glomerulonephritis?

A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine

A

A. Mycophenolate mofetil

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11
Q

What is the MOA of Leflunomide?

A

Inhibits synthesis of pyrimidine via inhibition of dihydro-orate dehydrogenase

  • this suppresses T and B cells
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12
Q

Which of the following is considered a “last resort” immunosuppressant when other drugs have failed?

A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine

A

C. Leflunomide

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13
Q

Which of the following has the most severe adverse effects?

A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Oclatinib

A

B. Azathioprine

  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Myelosuppression
  • Pancreatitis
  • GI effects
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14
Q

Which of the following immunosuppressants inhibits synthesis of pyrimidines?

A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Oclatinib

A

C. Leflunomide

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15
Q

Which of the following immunosuppressants inhibits the enzyme needed for purine synthesis in lymphocytes?

A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Oclatinib

A

A. Mycophenolate mofetil

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16
Q

Which of the following is a T cell inhibitor?

A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine

A

D. Cyclosporine

17
Q

List the T cell inhibitors used as immunosuppressants

A
  • Cyclosporine
  • Tacrolimus
18
Q

What is the MOA of cyclosporine and tacrolimus?

A

T cell inhibitor

  • Binds to receptor on calcineurin
  • Suppresses IL-2, TNF-a, and other cytokines
    -Blocks proliferation of T lymphocytes
19
Q

Which of the following immunosuppressants can result in gingival hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the foot pads?

A. Tacrolimus
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine

A

D. Cyclosporine

20
Q

Clinical indications for use of cyclosporine in dogs?

A
  • Atopic dermatitis
  • KCS (Dry eye)
  • Perianal fistulas
  • IMHA
21
Q

Clinical indications for use of cyclosporine in cats?

A
  • Allergic dermatitis
  • Stomatitis
  • Pemphigus foliaceous
22
Q

Which of the following is more potent?

A. Cyclosporine
B. Tacrolimus

A

B. Tacrolimus

23
Q

Clinical indications for use of Tacrolimus?

A
  • Topically for perianal fistulas and atopic dermatitis in dogs
24
Q

Which of the following is NOT reccommended for treatment of IMHA?

A. Cyclosporine
B. Cyclophosphamide
C. Azathioprine
D. Mycophenolate mofetil

A

B. Cyclophosphamide

25
Q

What drug can be used to reduce the risk of sterile hemorrhagic cystitis associated with Cyclophosphamide?

A

Furosamide

26
Q

When is chlorambucil used as an immunosuppressant?

A
  • IBD
27
Q

Type I hypersensitivity is mediated by _____

A

IgE Ab and mast cells

28
Q

Type II hypersensitivity is mediated by _____

A

IgG, IgM and complement

29
Q

Type III hypersensitivity is mediated by _____

A

immune complexes, complement, and neuts

30
Q

Type IType I hypersensitivity is mediated by _____ hypersensitivity is mediated by _____

A

T lymphs

pharm II (23 decks)

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