Immunosuppressive Drugs Flashcards
Immune mediated hemolytic anemia results in a __________
A. Type I Hypersensitivity
B. Type II Hypersensitivity
C. Type Iii Hypersensitivity
D. Type IV Hypersensitivity
B. Type II Hypersensitivity
What are the most common manifestations of Type III sensitivity?
- Glomerulonephritis
- Drug induced vasculitis in dogs
- Immune mediated polyarthritis
What is the first line drug used to treat immune mediated diseases?
Glucocorticoids
What is the MOA of Prednisone?
Phospholipase A2 inhibitor (glucocorticoid)
Differences in dosing prednisone/prednisolone in cats vs dogs?
Cats require twice the dosage that dogs require
- less glucocorticoid receptors
- Weak binding affinity
What is the MOA of azathioprine?
6-TGN incorporated into DNA (cytotoxic)
Which of the following immunosuppressants should not be used in cats, and why?
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine
B. Azathioprine
cats are deficient in ThioPurineMethylTransferase
(results in severe myelosuppression)
What are the clinical indications for use of Azathioprine?
- Dermatological diseases
- IMHA
- IBD
What is the MOA of mycophenolate mofetil?
- Inhibits monophosphate dehydrogenase
- Suppresses lymphocyte proliferation
Which of the following is the DOC for treatment of glomerulonephritis?
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
What is the MOA of Leflunomide?
Inhibits synthesis of pyrimidine via inhibition of dihydro-orate dehydrogenase
- this suppresses T and B cells
Which of the following is considered a “last resort” immunosuppressant when other drugs have failed?
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine
C. Leflunomide
Which of the following has the most severe adverse effects?
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Oclatinib
B. Azathioprine
- Hepatotoxicity
- Myelosuppression
- Pancreatitis
- GI effects
Which of the following immunosuppressants inhibits synthesis of pyrimidines?
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Oclatinib
C. Leflunomide
Which of the following immunosuppressants inhibits the enzyme needed for purine synthesis in lymphocytes?
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Oclatinib
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
Which of the following is a T cell inhibitor?
A. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine
D. Cyclosporine
List the T cell inhibitors used as immunosuppressants
- Cyclosporine
- Tacrolimus
What is the MOA of cyclosporine and tacrolimus?
T cell inhibitor
- Binds to receptor on calcineurin
- Suppresses IL-2, TNF-a, and other cytokines
-Blocks proliferation of T lymphocytes
Which of the following immunosuppressants can result in gingival hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the foot pads?
A. Tacrolimus
B. Azathioprine
C. Leflunomide
D. Cyclosporine
D. Cyclosporine
Clinical indications for use of cyclosporine in dogs?
- Atopic dermatitis
- KCS (Dry eye)
- Perianal fistulas
- IMHA
Clinical indications for use of cyclosporine in cats?
- Allergic dermatitis
- Stomatitis
- Pemphigus foliaceous
Which of the following is more potent?
A. Cyclosporine
B. Tacrolimus
B. Tacrolimus
Clinical indications for use of Tacrolimus?
- Topically for perianal fistulas and atopic dermatitis in dogs
Which of the following is NOT reccommended for treatment of IMHA?
A. Cyclosporine
B. Cyclophosphamide
C. Azathioprine
D. Mycophenolate mofetil
B. Cyclophosphamide
