Drugs acting on Endocrine: Thyroid and Calcium disorders

Question 1

What is the DOC for treatment of hypothyroidism in dogs?

Answer 1

Levothyroxine (T4)

Question 2

What is the DOC for treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats?

Answer 2

Methimazole

Question 3

Which of the following thyroid medications reversibly inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis?

Answer 3

Methimazole

Question 4

Which of the following medications is considered an irreversible and definitive treatment for hyperthyroidism?

Answer 4

Radioactive iodine (I-131)

Question 5

Facial exoriations is an adverse affect of what drug?

A. Levothyroxine
B. Radioactive iodine
C. Methimazole
D. Bexagliflozin

Answer 5

C. Methimazole

Question 6

What adverse effects can be seen with Methimazole use in cats?

Answer 6

• Facial exoriations
• Hepatopathy
• Bone marrow suppression
• Transient CBC changes
• GI signs

Question 7

What is the MOA of I-131?

Answer 7

destroys all thyroid tissue within 2-3mm

Question 8

Radioactive iodine is used in the treatment of ___________

Answer 8

Functional extra thyroidal tissue

Question 9

How is radioactive iodine administered?

Answer 9

1 time SQ injection

Question 10

When is injectable levothyroxine clinically indicated?

Answer 10

Only for hypoT crisis (myxedema coma)

Question 11

What is the DOC for treatment of hyperkalemia?

Answer 11

IV calcium gluconate

Question 12

What are the main uses of calcium gluconate?

Answer 12

Hypocalcemia due to:
- Eclampsia
- Dystocia
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Emergency tx of hyperkalemia

Question 13

What drug is used to to treat chronic hypocalcemia?

Answer 13

Calcitrol (Vit D)

Question 14

What is the active ingredient in tums?

Answer 14

Calcium carbonate

Question 15

What clinical signs can be seen in a hypocalcemic patient?

Answer 15

• Tremors
• Tetany
• CNS stimulation, seizures
• Hyperthermia
• Bradycardia

Question 16

Rapid IV admin of calcium can cause ______

Answer 16

Arrhythmias

monitor ECG and give slowly!!

Question 17

What is the MOA of pamidronate disodium?

Answer 17

Inhibits bone resorption

(inhibits Ca release from bone to decrease Calcium in blood)

Question 18

What clinical signs can be seen in a hypercalcemic patient?

Answer 18

• PU/PD
• Muscle weakness
• CNS depression
• Cardiac arrhythmias

Question 19

What drugs can be used in emergency treatment of hypercalcemia?

Answer 19

• Furosemide
• Glucocorticoids
• Sodium bicarb
• 0.9% NaCl

Question 20

When is use of pamidronate disodium clinically indicated?

Answer 20

• Hypercalcemia of malignancy
• CRI to manage osteosarcoma

Question 21

When is use of calcitonin clinically indicated?

Answer 21

• Adjunct tx for severe hypercalcemia
  (Ex: Vit D toxicosis)

Question 22

What is the MOA of calcitonin?

Answer 22

• Inhibits bone resorption
• Osteoclast inhibition hormone

Question 23

What is the DOC to treat emergent hypocalcemia?

Answer 23

Calcium gluconate IV SLOWLY

Question 24

What is the MOA of methimazole?
A. Selective destruction of the thyroid tissue
B. T4 inhibition
C. T4 supplementation
D. Conversion of T4 to inactive T3

Answer 24

B. T4 inhibition

Question 25

What is the MOA of I-131?
A. Selective destruction of the thyroid tissue
B. T4 inhibition
C. T4 supplementation
D. Conversion of T4 to inactive T3

Answer 25

A. Selective destruction of the thyroid tissue

Question 26

What is the MOA of Levothyroxine?
A. Selective destruction of the thyroid tissue
B. T4 inhibition
C. T4 supplementation
D. Conversion of T4 to inactive T3

Answer 26

C. T4 supplementation