Drugs acting on Endocrine: Thyroid and Calcium disorders Flashcards
What is the DOC for treatment of hypothyroidism in dogs?
Levothyroxine (T4)
What is the DOC for treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats?
Methimazole
Which of the following thyroid medications reversibly inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis?
Methimazole
Which of the following medications is considered an irreversible and definitive treatment for hyperthyroidism?
Radioactive iodine (I-131)
Facial exoriations is an adverse affect of what drug?
A. Levothyroxine
B. Radioactive iodine
C. Methimazole
D. Bexagliflozin
C. Methimazole
What adverse effects can be seen with Methimazole use in cats?
- Facial exoriations
- Hepatopathy
- Bone marrow suppression
- Transient CBC changes
- GI signs
What is the MOA of I-131?
destroys all thyroid tissue within 2-3mm
Radioactive iodine is used in the treatment of ___________
Functional extra thyroidal tissue
How is radioactive iodine administered?
1 time SQ injection
When is injectable levothyroxine clinically indicated?
Only for hypoT crisis (myxedema coma)
What is the DOC for treatment of hyperkalemia?
IV calcium gluconate
What are the main uses of calcium gluconate?
Hypocalcemia due to:
- Eclampsia
- Dystocia
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Emergency tx of hyperkalemia
What drug is used to to treat chronic hypocalcemia?
Calcitrol (Vit D)
What is the active ingredient in tums?
Calcium carbonate
What clinical signs can be seen in a hypocalcemic patient?
- Tremors
- Tetany
- CNS stimulation, seizures
- Hyperthermia
- Bradycardia
Rapid IV admin of calcium can cause ______
Arrhythmias
monitor ECG and give slowly!!
What is the MOA of pamidronate disodium?
Inhibits bone resorption
(inhibits Ca release from bone to decrease Calcium in blood)
What clinical signs can be seen in a hypercalcemic patient?
- PU/PD
- Muscle weakness
- CNS depression
- Cardiac arrhythmias
What drugs can be used in emergency treatment of hypercalcemia?
- Furosemide
- Glucocorticoids
- Sodium bicarb
- 0.9% NaCl
When is use of pamidronate disodium clinically indicated?
- Hypercalcemia of malignancy
- CRI to manage osteosarcoma
When is use of calcitonin clinically indicated?
- Adjunct tx for severe hypercalcemia
(Ex: Vit D toxicosis)
What is the MOA of calcitonin?
- Inhibits bone resorption
- Osteoclast inhibition hormone
What is the DOC to treat emergent hypocalcemia?
Calcium gluconate IV SLOWLY
What is the MOA of methimazole?
A. Selective destruction of the thyroid tissue
B. T4 inhibition
C. T4 supplementation
D. Conversion of T4 to inactive T3
B. T4 inhibition
