Normal Pregnancy and Care of Developing Fetus (Part 2)

Question 1

refers to the period leading up to a pregnancy, from the decision to have a baby to becoming pregnant (conceiving)

Answer 1

PRECONCEPTION -

Question 2

includes scheduling of appointments to physicians or nurse midwives before becoming pregnant to: a. obtain reproductive life planning; b. assurance about fertility; c. genetic testing; d. detect problems that may need correction

Answer 2

PRECONCEPTUAL VISIT -

Question 3

extent of understanding conveyed about maternal health prior to conception to ensure healthy pregnancy

Answer 3

Preconception knowledge:

Question 4

screening and providing information and support to individuals of childbearing age

Answer 4

Preconceptual counseling

Question 5

essential for ensuring the overall growth of newborns and mothers; a major strategy for helping to reduce complications of pregnancy such as the number of preterm or low-birth-weight babies born each year

Answer 5

PRENATAL CARE -

Question 6

time to establish baseline data relevant to a woman’s health and identify health promotion strategies that will be important at every

Answer 6

PRENATAL VISIT

Question 7

Private & quiet setting
Schedule the interview
Introduce yourself (role)

Answer 7

GOOD INTERVIEW TECHNIQUES

Question 8

Purpose of initial interview:

Answer 8

Establish rapport
Gaining information about women’s social and psychosocial health
Obtaining a basis for anticipatory guidance for pregnancy

Question 9

Establish a baseline data
Determine the gestational age of the fetus
Monitor fetal development and maternal well-being
Identify women at risk of complications
Minimize the risk of possible complications by anticipating and preventing problems before they occur
Provide time for education about pregnancy

Answer 9

> PURPOSE OF PRENATAL VISIT:

Question 10

name, age, address, telephone number, email address, religion, ethnicity, type and place of employment, and health insurance information

Answer 10

Demographic Data:

Question 11

the reason why the woman came to the healthcare setting (LMP, signs of pregnancy, etc.)

Answer 11

Chief Concern:

Question 12

marital status, education level, occupation, size and structure of house, family composition, educational attainment

Answer 12

family Profile:

Question 13

woman’s past medical history is important because past conditions can become active during or immediately after pregnancy

Answer 13

History of Past Illness:

Question 14

can help identify potential problems a woman or her infant could experience during pregnancy or after birt

Answer 14

History of Family Disease:

Question 15

current nutrition, elimination, sleep, recreation & interpersonal interaction

Answer 15

Day History or Social Profile:

Question 16

age of menarche, usual cycle, interval, duration, amount of menstrual flow and any discomfort she feels

Answer 16

Menstrual History

Question 17

Menstrual History - age of menarche, ususl cycle, interval, duration, amount of menstrual flow and any discomfort she feels
Perineal & Breast Self-examination
Past Surgery - any type of surgery on the reproductive tract
Reproductive Planning
Sexual History
Stress Incontinence

Answer 17

> GYNECOLOGIC HISTORY

Question 18

including previous miscarriages or therapeutic abortion

Answer 18

History of Previous Pregnancies

Question 19

compute the Expected Date of Birth (EDB) using Naegele’s Rule.

Answer 19

Last Menstrual Period (LMP)

Question 20

First, determine the first day of your last menstrual period
Count back 3 calendar months from that date
Add 1 year and 7 days to that date

Answer 20

Naegele’s Rule.

Question 21

Start counting from the first day of the menstrual period, a time that precedes fertilization. This period is about 2 weeks before ovulation or fertilization and 3 weeks before implantation of fertilized ovum
At the EDD, the infant is 40 weeks old ir 280 days, the average gestational or menstrual age.

Answer 21

ESTIMATING GESTATIONAL AGE/MENSTRUAL AGE

Question 22

Formula: GA - 2 = Ovulation Age
Formula: OA + 2 = Gestational Age

Answer 22

> CALCULATING FROM THE DATE OF OVULATION AGE

Question 23

the rule is also about computing for EDD
Procedure:
a.) determine LMP
b.) categorize the woman as a Caucasian or non-Caucasian (???)
c.) identify her gravidity (no. of times she got pregnant)
For primigravida Caucasian women:
Formula: LMP + 15 days (constant) - 3 months = EDD
For multigravida non-Caucasian women:
Formula: LMP + 10 days (constant) - 3 months = EDD

Answer 23

MITTENDORF’S RULE:

Question 24

simplest method; if a woman seeks prenatal care within 2 weeks after missed menses and has a positive pregnancy test, this is indicative of pregnancy 6 weeks duration, that is, counting from the LMP

Answer 24

early prenatal care

Question 25

by 16 weeks, fetal muscle movements is strong enough to activate receptors on the maternal abdominal wall
first perception of fetal movement felt by the mother; fluttering movement in the abdomen
generally it occurs 18-20 weeks
may be related to parity and placental location
EDD = add 22 weeks for primigravida, 24 weeks for multipara

Answer 25

quickening

Question 26

Auscultation of FHT using ordinary unamplified stethoscope starts at

Answer 26

20 weeks

Question 27

symphysis pubis (__ weeks); 2.) umbilicus (__weeks); 3.) xiphoid process (__ weeks)

Answer 27

12, 20, 36

Question 28

explain the procedure to the patient
ask to empty the bladder
position the mother in dorsal recumbent
drape
measure the distance abdominally from the top of the symphysis pubis over the curve of the abdomen to the top of the uterine fundus

Answer 28

McDonald’s method:

Question 29

FORMULA FOR McDonald’s method (in weeks):

Answer 29

FH (in cm) × 2 ÷ 7

Question 30

length of embryo can be calculated during the first 5 months (in cm) of gestation by squaring the number of months in pregnancy.

Answer 30

Haase’s Rule

Question 31

Haase Rule Formula

Answer 31

1-5 lunar months, multiply the month by 2
[(month of pregnancy) 2 = fetal length]
6-10 lunar months, multiply the month by 5
[(month of pregnancy) 5 = fetal length]

Question 32

gestational age is assessed more accurately

Answer 32

ultrasound

Question 33

comprehensive system for classifying pregnancy status and provides greater detail on woman’s pregnancy history.

Answer 33

GTPAL or GTPALM -

Question 34

no. of times client was pregnant

Answer 34

Gravida

Question 35

infants born at or after 37 weeks

Answer 35

Term

Question 36

infants born before 37 weeks

Answer 36

Preterm

Question 37

no. of miscarriages and therapeutic abortion

Answer 37

Abortion

Question 38

no. of living children

Answer 38

Living

Question 39

no. of multiple pregnancies

Answer 39

Multiple Pregnancy