COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF INFANTS Flashcards
an infant many uses simple reflex activity.
First month of life
By third month of life child and enters a cognitive stage identified by PIAGET (1966) as:
A. Primary Circular Reaction
B. Secondary Circular Reaction
C. Coordination Of Secondary Schema
Repetition of motor acts involving own body. Infants explore objects by grasping them with hands or mouthing them.
- Unaware of what actions they can cause or what actions occur independently.
Example: an infant accidentally hit a mobile across the crib but makes no attempt to hit the mobile again because he doesn’t realize his hand caused the movement.
Primary Circular Reaction:
- By 6 months, infants pass into a stage called PCR. - They can grasp the idea that their actions can initiate pleasurable sensations. Now infants reach for mobile above the crib and watch it move, they realize that it was your hand that initiated the motion, so hit it again.
- Infants are still unaware of the permanence of objects by the end of this stage.
Example: if an object is hidden from vision, an infant will not search for it. If any part of the object is exposed, an infant can visualize it then will reach to obtain it.
B. Secondary Circular Reaction:
Infants of 10 months discover__ ____or become aware of objects out of sight still exist. Infants are ready for peek-a-boo once they have gained the concept of permanence. They know their parent exist even when hiding behind a hand or blanket and wait excitedly for the parent to reappear.
OBJECT PERMANENCE
A 1 year old are capable of reproducing interesting events like hitting a mobile, once it moves and hit it again or drops objects from playpen watch it as it falls and roll. This activity is quite frustrating for a caregiver because it involves the great deal of reaching and picking it up.
Coordination Of Secondary Schema
___also arises from a sense of confidence one can predict what is next or establishing a schedule for breakfast, bath, play time, nap, lunch, playtime, story time and bedtime.
Trust
Accidents - are a leading cause of death and children from __ month to __ months. Most accidents happen because parents either underestimate or overestimate the child’s ability to grasp and place objects and their mouth.
1 month to 24 months
is a potential threat to infants throughout the first year.
Round cylindrical objects like carrot, hotdog, deflated balloon, peanuts, popcorn, buttons, grapes, solid foods in chunks, toy with button eyes.
Aspiration Prevention
second major cause of infant accidents.
teach parents not to have the baby unattended by 2 months of age.
rails of the crib should be up about 2 1/3 inches apart so child can’t put his head.
B. Fall prevention
Infants up to 20 lb. should be place in rear-facing seat in the back seats. Should be used without interruption or until the child reaches 40 - 60 lb.
C. Care Safety
should not be left unattended with them. They might introduce unsafe toy or in rough play.
D. Safety with siblings
caution parents never to leave an infant unattended in a tub.
E. Bathing and swimming safety
