NEWBORN

Question 1

These are spaces or openings where the skull bones join.

Answer 1

Fontanelles (“soft spot”)

Question 2

Common when pulling newborn
to a sitting position

➢ When prone, NB should be able to lift
the head slightly and turn head from side to side

Answer 2

Head lag

Question 3

Premature closure of the fontanelles fontanelles.

Answer 3

Craniosynostosis

Question 4

These are separating lines of the skull. They may override or separate from each other. The overriding at birth may be due to extreme pressure exerted on the head during passage through the birth canal. It subsides in 24 to 48 hours.

Answer 4

Sutures

Question 5

This is the overlapping of skull bones due to compression during labor and delivery. Disappears in few days after birth.

Answer 5

Molding

Question 6

This is the edema or swelling of the soft tissues of the scalp at the presenting part of the head. This maybe due to prolonged delivery time or difficulty in delivering the head of the baby. May disappear on the third day after birth.

Answer 6

CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM

Question 7

This a collection of blood between the periosteum of the skull bone and bone itself, caused by rupture of a periosteal capillary maybe due to the pressure during delivery. It appears 24 hours after birth.

Answer 7

CEPHALOHEMATOMA

Question 8

his is a localized softening of the cranial bones due to the pressure of the fetal skull against the mother’s pelvic bone in utero. When you press the head of the newborn it will indent and feel like a “PING-PONG” ball. This MOST common among 1st born babies and can be pathological in older child maybe due to metabolic disorder.

Answer 8

CRANIOTABES

Question 9

Large head – Can be a sign of – there is an increased intracranial pressure and there are widely separated sutures.

Answer 9

HYDROCEPHALUS

Question 10

➢ Small head or

Answer 10

MICROCEPHALY

Question 11

➢ Missing parts of the brain and skull -

Answer 11

ANENCEPHALY

Question 12

can be done by turning the NB head side to side while on supine position. The eyes will remain stationary. It will disappear between 3 to 4 months of age.

Answer 12

DOLL’S EYE SIGN

Question 13

Administer eye medication within 1 hr. after birth to prevent

Answer 13

Ophthalmia neonatorum/Neonatal Blindness/Gonorrheal conjunctivitis

Question 14

Unequal pupils – may indicate

Answer 14

ANISOCORIA

Question 15

may be due to increased intracranial pressure

Answer 15

Setting sun’s eyes

Question 16

Failure to follow objects – can be attributed to

Answer 16

blindness

Question 17

White areas over pupils – can be a sign of

Answer 17

cataract

Question 18

Blue sclera – can be a sign of

Answer 18

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 19

Blockage of one of both nasal passages – may indicate

Answer 19

CHOANAL ATRESIA

Question 20

present on the palate, a result of extra calcium deposited in utero

Answer 20

EPSTEIN PEARLS

Question 21

small, white epithelial pearls present on gum margins.

Answer 21

PRECOCIOUS TEETH

Question 22

is indicative of congenital torticollis; Injury to the sternocleidomastoid
muscle during birth

Answer 22

Neck rigidity

Question 23

– suggest meningitis; newborns whose membranes were ruptured
more than 24 hours before birth.

Answer 23

Nuchal rigidity

Question 24

– open slowly over the first 24 to 48 hours and baby has mucus in back of
throat – RHONCHI – heard – harsh innocent sound of air passing over
mucus.

Answer 24

Lung alveoli

Question 25

suggests respiratory distress; High, crowing sound on inspiration maybe
due to immature tracheal development.

Answer 25

Grunting

Question 26

Is a thin, watery fluid secreted by

Answer 26

Witch’s Milk

Question 27

– indicate missing abdominal contents or

Answer 27

SCAPHOID OR SUNKEN APPEARANCE

Question 28

blood tinged mucus vaginal secretion also due to the action of retained maternal hormones

Answer 28

PSEUDOMENSTRUATION

Question 29

➢ (+) extra digits

Answer 29

Polydactyly

Question 30

➢ (+) web fingers

Answer 30

Syndactyly