Non-small cell lung cancer Flashcards
What are the 2 main types of non-small cell lung cancer?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Where does squamous cell carcinoma usually occur?
Centrally (central part of the lung and proximal bronchus, )
What is more common in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung than in other types of lung cancer?
Cavitating lesions
What type of spread is common with squamous cell carcinoma?
Local spread
Metastasis is late
What percentage of lung cancers is squamous cell carcinoma responsible for?
20%
What hormone secretion is squamous cell carcinoma associated with?
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) secretion
What can parathyroid related protein hormone cause?
Hypercalcaemia
What two clinical features is squamous cel carcinoma associated with?
Clubbing
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
What percentage of lung cancer is adenocarcinoma responsible for?
40%
Most common type of lung cancer
Where does adenocarcinoma usually occur?
Peripherally- arise from glandular epithelial cells
What cells does adenocarcinoma arise from?
Mucous cells in the bronchial epithelium
What does adenocarcinoma usually invade?
Mediastinal lymph nodes and the pleura
What can adenocarcinoma spread to?
The brain and bones
What additional lung presentation can adenocarcinoma cause?
Pleural effusion
What are the main paraenoplastic features of squamous cell carcinoma?
PTH-hypercalcaemia
clubbing
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA)
