Acidosis vs Alkalosis Flashcards
What is respiratory alkalosis due to?
Hyperventilation
What would the ABG findings be in someone with respiratory alkalosis?
↑pH
↓pCO2
↓HCO3 (if partially compensated or chronic)
What are possible causes of respiratory alkalosis?
CNS infection
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Panic attack
Pulmonary emboli
Aspirin overdose
Anaemia
altitude
pregnancy
What are the possible CNS causes of respiratory alkalosis?
Stroke
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Encephalitis
What is respiratory acidosis due to?
C02 retention
What is C02 retention with respiratory acidosis due to?
Hypoventilation or impaired gas transfer across alveolar membranes.
What would the ABG findings be in someone with respiratory acidosis?
↓pH
↑HCO3 (if partially compensated or chronic)
↑CO2
What are the possible causes of respiratory acidosis?
COPD
decompensation in other respiratory conditions
neuromuscular disease
obesity hypoventilation syndrome
sedative drugs
What other respiratory conditions would you get decompensation in resulting in respiratory acidosis?
Life threatening asthma
Pulmonary oedema
What sedative drugs might result in respiratory acidosis?
Benzodiazepines
Opiate overdose
What does this indicate?
↔ CO2
↔ pH
Normal Acid Base Status
What does this indicate?
↔ CO2 ↓ pH
Metabolic acidosis
What does this indicate?
↔ CO2 ↑ pH
Metabolic alkalosis
What does this indicate?
↑ CO2 ↔ pH
Respiratory Acidosis with full metabolic compensation
What does this indicate?
↑ CO2 ↓ pH
Respiratory Acidosis