Non lung cancer and thoracic surgery Flashcards
What is the causes of lung abscess
Aspiration - inhalation of foreign body
Pneumonia
Pulmonary thromembolism
Lung cancer
Septic emboli
What is the the tow pathophyisology of abscess
Collection of pus that will either resolve via the immune system and cause formation of scar tissue
or
Collection of pus goes to the surface rupturing into the pleural space
What is the symptoms of a lung abscess if it ruptures
Acute pain
Patient can cough up pus
What is bad smelling pus an indication of
anaerobic bacteria
What is the treatment for a lung abscess
Drain
What is sued to investigate is pus is located elsewhere
Ultrasound
What is the causes of empyema in the thorax
Post pneumonic
Post-operative
Oesophageal (dis-cordinated vomit eosopahgeal blows up and ruptures going through pleural cavity)
Upper abdominal related
Osteomyelitis
Post-traumatic
What is the affect of empyema on the lung
Creates a trapped lung, therefore lung cannot expand due to fibrous visceral pleura
What is a pleuroectomy and decortication
an operation to expand the lung by remove the thickened pleura by selectively peeling
What is obvious outcome occurring with pleurectomy
bleeding
Name 5 different types of thymus tumours
Thymoma Thymolipoma Thymic carcinoma Carcinoid tumours of the thymus Lymphoma
Name 7 different benign lung tumours
Hamartoma Fibroma Lipoma Neural tumours Papillomas Chondroma (Carcinoid)
Why is it wise to remove the benign tumours
As they can easily push into the lung, heart etc and cause great difficulty
What is intrathorasic neurofibroma, and what can it cause
Tumour of the myelin sheath, associated with hypertension and compress the spinal cord and cause paraplegia
What is the carrying definitions of pneumothorax
Primary vs secondary
Recurrent vs Persistent
Open - hole in the chest wall greater than tracheal diameter
Tension - air escapes into the lung cavity and compresses causing a mediastinum shift
