Nicholas II Oppostion 1894-1914 Flashcards

1
Q

Before 1904 what did the liberals want

A

A National Assembly
End of land captains
Extension of primary education
Abolition of capital punishment

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2
Q

In 1896 what did Shipov try to set up

A

All-Zemstvo Organisation

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3
Q

What did the liberals form in 1903

A

The Union of Liberation

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4
Q

How well were liberals organised from 1904

A

Better organised and unified, with clear objectives

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5
Q

What did the liberals want to happen to the tsar

A

Made into a constitutional monarchy

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6
Q

What methods did the liberals oppose

A

Violence and direct action

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7
Q

What social groups did the liberals largely come from

A

Middle class and noble backgrounds

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8
Q

What appeased the liberals? What later made them annoyed?

A

The October Manifesto

The fundamental laws

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9
Q

What did the Kadets do after the first duma was closed

A

The Vyborg Appeal

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10
Q

After the October manifesto where did liberals continue to work

A

Zemstva
Town Dumas
State duma

Content to work in the constitutional limits set by the regime

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11
Q

Which socialist group focussed on the peasantry

A

The SRs

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12
Q

When was the Socialist Revolutionary Party formed

A

1901

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13
Q

What tactics did the Socialist Revolutionary Party use

A

Terrorism and assassination

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14
Q

Who did the Socialist Revolutionary Party manage to assassinate

A

Ministers of the Interior in 1902 and 1904
Minister of Education 1901

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15
Q

How many political murders did the Socialist Revolutionary Party conduct

A

2,000 political murders

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16
Q

Who did the Socialist Revolutionary Party’s ideas come form

A

The populists

Particularly People’s Will

17
Q

Who did the Socialist Revolutionary Party kill in 1911

A

Stolypin

18
Q

Who was the Socialist Revolutionary Party most popular with

A

Youth, especially radical students

19
Q

When did the membership of the Socialist Revolutionary Party begin to fall? Why?

A

After 1905

Failure of the revolution
Repression put people off

20
Q

How many Socialist Revolutionary Party members were sentenced to death between 1905 and 1909? How many executed?

A

4,579

2,365

21
Q

How did the Socialist Revolutionary Party failure to establish a consistent policy

A

Boycotted the first Duma
Contested second Duma
Then boycotted again

22
Q

What was held in Minsk in 1898

A

The first Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Workers’ Party

23
Q

What year did the Social Democratic Party split

A

1903

24
Q

What did the Social Democratic Party split into

A

Bolsheviks
Mensheviks

25
Q

Who led the Bolsheviks

A

Lenin

26
Q

Who led the Mensheviks

A

Martov

27
Q

What type of group did Lenin want

A

A small group of professional revolutionaries

Thought the revolutions could happen simultaneously

28
Q

What type of group did Martov want

A

Increased membership to educate workers

Thought the revolutions couldn’t be simultaneous

29
Q

Which Duma did the Bolsheviks contest

A

3 and 4

30
Q

Which Duma did the Bolsheviks not contest

A

1 and 2

31
Q

Which Duma did the Mensheviks contest

A

1 and 2

32
Q

Which Duma did the Mensheviks not contest

A

3 and 4

33
Q

Why did membership of the Mensheviks and Bolsheviks decline

A

Leaders in exile
1905 revolution
Secret police
Lack of funding

34
Q

In 1912 what did the Bolsheviks start

A

A new newspaper called Pravda (‘The Truth’)

35
Q

What had Pravda’s circulation achieved by 1914

A

40,000

36
Q

When did the Bolsheviks plan a general strike for? What happened?

A

July 1914

Didn’t happen

37
Q

Which trade unions did the Bolsheviks receive some support

A

Moscow
St Petersburg