Bloody Sunday And The 1905 Revolution Flashcards

1
Q

Example of an organisation created under ‘police socialism’

A

Assembly of Russian Factory Workers

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2
Q

Who led the Assembly of Russian Factory Workers

A

Father Gapon

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3
Q

Which workers went on strike on 3rd January 1905

A

The workers at the Putilov Iron Works

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4
Q

What day did Father Gapon lead a demonstration? How many people?

A

9th January 1905

150,000 workers and their families (not looking to overthrow anyone)

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5
Q

Why did Father Gapon lead a demonstration? Why did people go?

A

To present a petition to the Tsar at his Winter Palace

People believed the Tsar genuinely didn’t know their struggles and so wanted to inform him (‘little father’)

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6
Q

How many troops had the Tsar left to keep control in the city

A

12,000

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7
Q

How did the demonstrators show their support for the Tsar

A

Carried icons of the Tsar to show their loyalty to him

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8
Q

What happened as the demonstrators approached the Winter Palace

A

Soldiers opened fire

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9
Q

How many people died

A

Tsar said 76

Historians estimate around 1000

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10
Q

What was this massacre of peaceful protestors called

A

Bloody Sunday

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11
Q

What did Bloody Sunday cause

A

A wave of violence and unrest to sweep across the country (1905 revolution)

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12
Q

What were the long term causes behind the 1905 revolution

A

Unwilling to reduce autocratic power (zemstva not given much influence)
Failure to improve lives of peasants in emancipation (Years of the Red Cockerel)

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13
Q

Socio economic causes of the 1905 revolution

A

Poor living conditions for the urban workers (densely populated)
Helped radical groups to rise in popularity

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14
Q

How many strikes were there in 1904

A

90,000

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15
Q

What groups were increasing their influence before the 1905 revolution

A

Socialist revolutionaries
Social Democrats

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16
Q

What were the sparks of the 1905 revolution

A

Bloody Sunday
The Russo-Japanese war (failings and death) (defeated by a much smaller power) (falling behind powers)

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17
Q

How many workers were on strike in St Petersburg in February

A

400,000

18
Q

By April what had been formed?

A

Illegal trade unions in all major towns and cities

Brought a wave of strike action

19
Q

In April and May, what were established

A

The first Soviets

20
Q

What were the aims of Soviets

A

Aimed to seize control of factories

21
Q

How many people were involved in the general strike in October 1905

A

2.5 million workers across Russia

22
Q

Which striking occupation caused economic difficulty for Russia in October

A

The strike of railwaymen

Economy on the brink of collapse

23
Q

In October what was formed in St Petersburg? What did it do?

A

A Council of Workers’ Deputies

Co-ordinate their strike action

24
Q

What tactics did the peasants use to

A

Attacked, burned and seized property of the landowning class

25
Q

By April which region was nearly fully in revolt

A

The Black Earth region

26
Q

In May what did the peasants attempt to set up in Moscow

A

All Russian Peasant Union

27
Q

In August what did the peasants set up? Who was it heavily influenced by?

A

A more organised Peasants’ Union

Influenced heavily by the Socialist Revolutionaries

28
Q

In which Polish cities did strikes break out in

A

Warsaw

Lodz

29
Q

Where did the general strike of October spread to? What did this result in?

A

Finland

Resulted in greater autonomy being granted to the Finns

30
Q

In Estonia what was set up

A

An All-Estonian Congress

31
Q

How many representative were on the All-Estonian Congress? What did they demand?

A

800 representatives

Acceptance of the Estonian language and greater autonomy

32
Q

How many officials in Latvia demanded greater powers of self-government

A

1,000

33
Q

What did Jews set up in February

A

Formed the Union for the Attainment of Equal Rights for Jews

34
Q

What was demanded in the Ukrainian capital

A

A Ukrainian assembly

35
Q

In May did naval base rose up against officers

A

Kronstadt naval base

36
Q

In June the sailors of which battleship mutinied

A

Potemkin

37
Q

What did the sailors of Potemkin do

A

Mutinied and seized control of their ship

38
Q

Which group remained largely loyal to the Tsar

A

The Russian army

39
Q

Which ministers told the Tsar that there needed to be reform

A

Witte
Trepov
Grand Duke Nikolayevich Romanov

40
Q

What did the Grand Duke Nikolayevich Romanov threaten to do if there was no reform

A

Shoot himself

41
Q

What did the 1905 revolution lead to

A

The October Manifesto