Neurotransmitters

Question 1

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وبه نستعين
اللهم ادخلني مدخل صدق واخرجني مخرج صدق واجعل لي من لدنك سلطانا نصيرا
___________________________
NeuroTranmitters ?

Answer 1

Endogenous substance communicating nuerons with each other and effectors

Question 2

Classify Nts at
size and speed

Answer 2

Small rapidly acting:
Ahmed CAN
Ach _ Catechoamines -aminoacids -Nitric Oxide
Large slowly acting:
2P+H
Peptides + pituitary peptides
Hypothalamic releasing Hormones

Question 3

NTs Works in ?

Answer 3

Local
Nearby neurons
Horomnes in blood

Question 4

What is neostigmine ?

Answer 4

Short acting cholinestrases used in myathenia gravis

Question 5

Therapy of Myathenia gravis

Answer 5

Neostigmine+Cortisol

Question 6

Dopamine site and effect and receptor nembers ?

Answer 6

Basal ganlgia +limbic system
Inhibitory effect
5 receptors Ds

Question 7

NE found in ?

Answer 7

Brainstem Pons+Medulla oblongata

Question 8

Ach released from ?
Effect?
Receptors ?

Answer 8

Motor Cortex + Thalamus
Eciatatory
Muscarininc + Nicotinic receptors

Question 9

Ach responsible for?

Answer 9

arousal as histamine + Learning

Question 10

Decreasd Ach in ?

Answer 10

Alzhemir
Myathenia Gravis

Question 11

Dopamine imbalance cause ?

Answer 11

decreasd= parkinsosinsm
Increased=Schizophrenia

Question 12

NE IS EXCITATORY OR INHIBITORY?

Answer 12

Excitatory + inhibitory
Excita Alpha 1
Inhibits B2

Question 13

أيه اهمية النور ادرينالين في حياتك ؟

Answer 13

BMAroF
BP Regulation
Mood as serotonin
Arousal as histamine +Ach
Feeding desire

Question 14

Decreased NE casuse?

Answer 14

AdhD
ADHD
Depression
Hypotension

Question 15

NTs casuing arousal ?

Answer 15

NE
Histamine
Ach

Question 16

طيب الادرينالين محفز ولا مثبط ؟

Answer 16

محفز ومثبط
محفز الفا 1
مثبط بيتا 2

Question 17

Compare between E and NorE IN SITE

Answer 17

NE brainstem Pons +Medulla
E brainstem Reticular Formation

Question 18

Pheochrmomcytoma effects?

Answer 18

Attacks ! of
Hypertension
Hyper glycemina
why attacks ?
due to the propttion of E is pulsatile ! increasing then decrasing

Question 19

Compre between site of Serotonin and NE

Answer 19

Each from brainstem but?
Serotonin: Midbrain+pons
NE:pONS+Medulla
so thay have Pons in common

Question 20

ليه الكوكاين بيعمل ادمان ؟

Answer 20

blocking reuptake of E+NE+Dopamine
casuing Euphoria

Question 21

Serotonin function

Answer 21

NT+
MOOD releving pain
appetite + temperatue regulation
Melatonin for sleep
Smooth muscle contraction
Git muscel contraction
Feeding as NE

Question 22

Mention 2NT for feeding ?

Answer 22

Serotoinin
Ne

Question 23

NT for sleeping

Answer 23

Serotonin and Melatonin

Question 24

mention clincal application for serotoonin

Answer 24

LSD incrasing serotinin and hallucination

Question 25

Histamine appear in ?

Answer 25

Hypothalmus + Pituitary

Question 26

Mention types of histamine receptors

Answer 26

H1 = AROUSAL H2= HCL H3=SELF INHIBIITON H4=Bone marrow for WBCs synthesis Regulation

Question 27

MAOI double edged weapon

Answer 27

Increasing dopamine releiving parkinsonsm increasing NE +E F casuing HTN

Question 28

pRinciple Inhibitory NT ?

Answer 28

GABA

Question 29

Functions of GABA 1

Answer 29

presynaptic inhibtion

Question 30

Benzodiazpine functions

Answer 30

incrasing ability of GABA to activate its receptrors so works as 3antis+s Anxiolytics antispamodic antiConvulsants Sedative+hypnotics

Question 31

Alzhemir imbalnce of Neurotranmsitter occure show !

Answer 31

Decreased Ach Increased Glutamte

Question 32

Compare glycine and GABA

Answer 32

glycine post synaptic inhibtion GABA presynaptic inhibtion

Question 33

Compare between site of glycine and NE

Answer 33

Glycine Meudulla + Spinal cord NE: pONS + MEDULLA they have Medulla in common

Question 34

glycine blocking?

Answer 34

Strychnine

Question 35

Princpale inhibotry princeple excitatory

Answer 35

1- GABA 2-GLUTAMTE

Question 36

Glutamte is called Excitotoxin why?

Answer 36

As its level if rised severly casuing Sever Excitation and Neurotoxicity

Question 37

Mention 3 cases in which glutamte increases

Answer 37

Alzhemir Stroke Parkinsonism ASPPPPPP

Question 38

The Only NT secreted By Demand?

Answer 38

Nitric Oxide

Question 39

NO found in and functions?

Answer 39

Limbic system as dopamine Memory+emotions

Question 40

Substance p

Answer 40

Pain excitor in brainstem + spinal cord it is slowly acting

Question 41

hYpothalmic Relasing Hormones Mention

Answer 41

CTPGG Corticotrohins realsing hormones for ACTH tHYROtrophin relasing hormone TSH pROLactin releasing hormones for Prolactin Gonadotropins releasing hormones for FSH -LH Growh hormone releasingg Hormone

Question 42

Strong inhibtion of pain ?

Answer 42

Serotonin

Question 43

Neurohormones

Answer 43

hypothalamic relasing hormones

Question 44

Ach appear in ?

Answer 44

Motor cortex THALAMJS 2 HIGHRST CONC Basal ganglia Preganglionic autonimc post ganglionic para post ganglionic symp for ? 1-sweat glands + blood vessels

Question 45

Adenosins atp NO

Answer 45

aRE NEUROMODULATOR MODULATING THE ACTION OF NEURONS FOR LONG TIME

Question 46

GABA WORK

Answer 46

OPEN CL- Chs casuing hyperpolarization

Question 47

receptor of glutamate

Answer 47

NMDA AMPA KINATE

Question 48

Opiod peptides ?

Answer 48

Morphine like acions

Question 49

تم بحمد الله