Ataxia-tone

Question 1

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وبه نستعين
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Define ataxia and compare between sensory and motor ataxia

Answer 1

Incoordinatio of vountary movements in absecne of paralysis
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Sensoey : KCRS GNSO
there is kinetic tremors and Coordinatio tests failed when eye closed Romberg’s sing positive
site of leison is tabes dorsalis
Gait stamping - Nystagmus absenst and speech is normal
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Motor KCRS GNSO
Kinetic tremors present - coordination test fails anyway - Rombergs negative - site of lesion Neocerebellum - Gait zigzag - Nystagmus present - Speech staccato

Question 2

? Types of gaits

Answer 2

-Circumduction in upper motor neueron lesion called spastic
-STAMPING SENSORY ATXIA
Zigzag neocerebellum
-Drunken Arhciocerebellum
Shufffffffffffliiiiiing parkinnnnsonnnnism

Question 3

Types of tremors ?

Answer 3

Static termores in parkinsonism
kinetic termores in neocerebellay syndrome

Question 4

Causes ? of hypotonia

Answer 4

LCAA: LMNL
Acute UMNL
Chorea caudate
Neocerebellum
AREA 4 1
LCCA

Question 5

Compare between Hypertonia of Spascitciy and rigididty

Answer 5

CA2T GTRC
spascticity:
due to Chronic UMNL
active neuro gamma
Antigravity muscles affected flexor of ul and extensor ofLL
type: Clasp Knife resistance with sudden release stretch+inverse
gait L circumductoin
tremors no tremors
reflexes hyper reflexia
clonus appear

Rigidity:
parkinsonism no nigrostritata lconnection
in basal ganglia
active neuron alpha and gamma
All muscles affected especially flexor: flexor attitude
Cog wheel inconituuous
Lead pipe contiuous
shuffling gait
static tremores present
Normoreflexia
No clonus

Question 6

Compare between decoticate and decerebrate rigidity

Answer 6

S2T2L2A
Decotricarte:
Upper mid brain above superior colliculus
moderate rigidity
vestibulospinal and rubrospinal intact
ul flexed lower extended
Active motor neuron gamma
Decerebrate:
lower midbrain
between colliculi
above pons
marked rigidity
VVestibulospinal intact
rubrospinal cut
all muscles extended u and lower
active motor neuron alpha and gammga
redu nucleus and cortex cut so extension occures

Question 7

الحمدلله رب العالمين