Memory Flashcards
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
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Physiological calss of memory
Explicit decelrative non reflexive
Implicit Reflexive non declerative
Consciusss recall of inforamtion ?
EXplicit
Decelrative
non reflexive
classified to ?
Semantic and episodic
Define semantic memeory
Explicit deceltative non reflexive
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For General facts words language and rules
in Anterior and lateral temporal lobe cortex
Define episodic memory
Explicit decelrative non reflexive memory
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for personal experinces and events
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MHN
Meidal tempral lobe
Hippocampus
neocortex
Subconsicuss recall of inforamtion ?
Implicit reflexice nodeceltative memory
Mention types of Implicit memory
Priming perceptul for remebring words and objevts by neocortex
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Procedural for habits and skills by startium of basal ganglia and cerebellum
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Assoicative learning : For classical and operant conditioning by Amygdala for emtions + cerebellum
_____________________________________Non Associative learning : for
Habituation and sensitization by reflexes
PA2HS
Compare between STM <M IN
Lasting and time of storage
Lasting
STM for seconds to hours
LTM for days to years
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Time of storage:
STM immediately after getting the infroamtion
LTM : Later for proten synthesis + increarsed by rehersal
Compare between STM <M IN
Rembeing - forgetting - capacity
Remebring L:
STM : Rapid while LTM slow
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Forgetting STM : Permenatn except if converted to LTM which forgetting is Transient with stable memoeries
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The capacity of STM is limited while LTM Very large? unlimitedx
Compare between STM <M IN site of storage
STM : encded in hippocampus and stored in frontal lobe !
LTM : neocortex
Compare between STM <M IN MECHANISM
STM : tranisnet change in the pre and post synaptic neruson with increased NTs and repsones of post synaptic to them
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LTM permenant structural and functional change in the synapse
increased presymaptic terminals so increasd synapes and area of transmisson
Increaed dendriteid with modification
Increased Tranmsission with prtotein synthesis
How to Convert STM to LTM
name the process
consolidation
this is by structueal and functional changes in the synapse by
Attraction
Reherasal ]
mental rest
quiet sleep
mrqa
Factors increasing COnsolidation
Attractive
Rehersal
Mental rest
Quiet sleep
Factors decreasing Consolidation
AMBE
Anastheis
Mental fatigue
Brain concussion
Electricshock therapy
Working memory definition ?
STM keeping infromation available for some time
integrated in prefrontal associaton cortex
Amydala and memory show relation
Amydala responsible for processing and remebring the emotional component of memory
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The memoris with Great emotion have great chance to be remebered !
The ability to change the function of synapse for demand?
Synaptic plasticity
increasing or decrasing the synpatic transmisson
Synaptic plasticity for short and long periods
short called potentiaion and inhivition
Long called facilitation and depression
Mention examples of the synaoptic plasticiy
Habituation
snenstization
Post tentaic facilitaion
long term poternation
long term depression
Describe post tetanic facilitation
Stimulation of presynpatic neruon by raoid tetanizing stmiults causing continuaton of transmisson even after removal of stimuls for 60 seconds due to accumulation of ca releasing and accumulating NTs in the synpatic cleft casuing persistant transmisson for 60 sec
The base of LTM is ?
Long term potentiation
describe long term potentiation
Repated rapid brief stimulation of presynaptic neuron for enhancement of transimmison in postsynaptic neuron
the NT is glutamtre
the postsynaptic receptor is NMDA
there is increased intracellular Ca in pre and post synpatic neurons in pre for increasing NTs release in post for increasing the receptors
Strucutral changes and connections between pre and post
with protein synthesis
Cerebellar learning depeds on ?
Long term depressioj
Prolonged slow low freqeuncy stimulation of presynaptic neruon casuing decreasd synpatic transmoission strength
Longterm depression
Mechanism of long term depression
Small increased intracellular
postsynaptic ca internalizing NMDA receptors
Partial or comelet loss of memory ?
amneisa
Inability to form new LTM
aNTEROOOOO grade amenisa
Mention casues of anterograde amnesisa
Old age
Atherosclerosis
Lesion in hippocampus
medial tempral lobe
Mention casues of anterograde amnesisa
Old age
Atherosclerosis
Lesion in hippocampus
medial tempral lobe
It is ALM
Inability to recall recent memoris that occurs befor head injury or trauma
retrograde amenisa
Mention causes of retrograde amenisa
?
Anastheisa AmBE
Brain concussion
Electricshock thearpy
Global amensia?
inability to from new memories
or recall recent or Remote memories
due to extensive brain damage
in alzhemir there is loss of
?
Episodic recent memories and cognitive brain functions
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due to loss of neurons synapses and Neurotrasmitters
الحمدلله رب العالمين
الحمدلله رب العالمين
