Neuromuscular and Nervous System Terminology Flashcards
Agnosia
The inability to interpret information
Agraphethesia
the inability to recognize: symbols, letters or numbers traced on the skin.
Agraphia
The inability to write due to a lesion within the brain and is typically found in combination with aphasia
Anosognosia
The denial or unawareness of ones illness, often associated with unilateral neglect
Aphasia
The inability to communicate or comprehend due to damage to specific areas of the brain
Apraxia
The inability to perform purposeful learned movements or activities even though there is no sensory or motor impairments that would hinder the completion of the task
Astereognosis
The inability to recognize ojects by sense of touch.
- inability to tell what an object is if placed in their hand
Body Schema
Having understanding of the body as a whole and the relationship of its parts to the whole
Contructional Apraxia
The inability to reporduce geometric figures and designs.
- A person is often unable to visually analys how to perform a task
Decerbrete Rigidity
“Cer” “S” “Snake” sssss
A characteristic of corticospinal lesion at the levels of the brainstem that results in [extension of the trunk and all extremities]
- Extension of LE and UE
Decordicate Rigidity
“Cor” “C” “C posture”
- A characteristic of a corticospinal lesion at the level of the diencephalon where the trunk and th elower extremities are positioned in extension and the upper extremities are positioned in flexion.
Extension of LE and Flexion of UE
Diplopia
Double Vision
Dysarthria
Slurred and impaired speech due to a motor decifit of the tongue or other muscles essential to speech
Dysphonia
Characterized by changes in voice quality
Dysphagia
The inability to properly swallow
Dysprosody
inpairment in the rhythm and inflection of speech
Emotional Lability
A characteristic of the right hemisphere infarct where there is inability to control emotions and outbursts of laughing or crying that are inconsistent with the situation
Fluent Aphasia
Characteristic of receptive aphasia where soeech produces funciton output regarding articulation, but lacks content and is typically dysprosdic using neologistic jargon
Hemiparesis
A condition of weakness on one side of the body
Hemiplegia
A condition of paralysis on one side of the body
Homonymous Hemianopsia
The loss of right or left half of the filed of vision in both eyes
Ideational Apraxia
The inability to formulate an initial motor plan and sequence of tasks where the propriceptive input necessary for movement is impaired
Ideamotor Apraxia
A condition where a person plans a movement or task, but cannot volitionally perform it.
- Automatic movement may occur, however a person cannot impose additional movement on comand
Neologism
Substitution within a word that is so severe that it makes the word unrecognizable
Non-Fluent Aphasia
Characterisitic of expressive aphasia where speech is non-functional, effortful, and contains paraphasias
Paraphasias
the production of an unintended sound within a word, or of a whole word or phrase.
Preservation
The state of repeatedly performing the same segment of a task or repeatedly saying the same word/phrase without purpose
Synergy
Mass movement patterns that are primitive in nature and coupled with spasticity due to brain damage
Unilateral Neglect
The inability to interpret stimuli and events on the contralateral side of a hemispheric lesion. Left sided neglec is most common with a lession to the [right inferior parietal or superior temporal lobes]
Anosmia
Anosmia is a term that describes the lack of smell. The sense of smell is associated with cranial nerve I (olfactory).
