Diabetic Neuropathy

Question 1

What is Diabetic Neuropathy?

Answer 1

This is a complication of diabetes mellitus.

• Nerve ischemia results from microvascular disease and the direct effects of hyperglycemia on neurons resulting in impairments of nerve functions.

Question 2

Etiology

Answer 2

Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus

• high blood glucose (hyperglycemia)
• duration of diabetes
• neurovascular factors

Question 3

Signs and Symptoms

Answer 3

Sensory Disturbances occur distally in a symmetrical pattern

• Weakness

Initial Symptoms:
- Numbness, tingling/pain (especially in the feet)

Additional symptoms:
- wasting of muscles in feet or hands
- glove/stocking sensory distribution impairments
- orthostatic hypotension**
- urinary impairments
- Significant Pain

Question 4

Treatments

Answer 4

• Strict monitoring of blood glucose

Physical Therapy to Address:

• pain management
• foot care
• overall fitness

Question 5

What are the most common forms of Diabetic Neuropathy?

Answer 5

Symmetrical Polyneuropathy: (the simultaneous malfunction of many peripheral nerves throughout the body)

and

Autonomic Neuropathy: (occurs when there is damage to the nerves that control automatic body functions)

Question 6

Does this symmetrical or asymmetrical sensory disturbances?

Answer 6

Symmetrical

Question 7

What sensory distribution is often associated with Diabetic Neuropathy?

Answer 7

Glove and Stocking Distribution

Question 8

Are sensory disturbances Distal or Proximal?

Answer 8

Distal