NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS - Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 1

Adolescent with poor social skills, has
difficulty with transitions, rules-focused,
spends most free time learning and
discussing planets. Diagnosis?

Answer 1

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 2

Previously known as childhood psychosis

prior to 1960s?

Answer 2

Autism

Question 3

9 yo with family history of unexplained
syncope wants to start stimulant for ADHD.
Next step?

Answer 3

Refer to cardiology for EKG

Question 4

Small child with ASD, ADHD, and ID on
risperidone and long acting
methylphenidate presents to ER with ear
infection, becomes agitated and cannot be
de-escalated. Best medication for agitation?

Answer 4

Risperidone

Question 5

According to diffusion tensor imaging
(DTI), suspected mechanism of action of
larger brain size (2-10%) in children with
autism by age 4 is due to?

Answer 5

Overgrowth of long white matter tracts

Question 6

Diagnostic neuroimaging would be

indicated in?

Answer 6

10 yo with autism stops performing

previously acquired skills

Question 7

Electroencephalogram useful in initial

workup of which psych disorder?

Answer 7

Autism spectrum disorder

Question 8

Common speech trait in children with

Autism?

Answer 8

Restricted intonation

Question 9

Parents of autistic child wonder about

chance of next child having autism?

Answer 9

2-10%

Question 10

Oxytocin as treatment for ASD, fosters what

in animal models?

Answer 10

Complex social behaviors

Question 11

Abnormal accelerated white matter
maturation found on diffusion tensor
imaging in young child?

Answer 11

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 12

Brain structural changes in children with

autism?

Answer 12

Accelerated increase in brain volume

Question 13

Screen autism spectrum disorder in which

genetic condition?

Answer 13

Fragile X Syndrome

Question 14

3 yo has repetitive rocking when waking up
in the morning, head banging while falling
asleep at night, less when parents spend
time with him, no other concerns, except
hand flapping when excited. Diagnosis?

Answer 14

Normal development

Question 15

When should you do an EEG for child with

Autism?

Answer 15

New onset developmental regression

Question 16

Disorder highly comorbid with sensory

integration problems?

Answer 16

Autism

Question 17

13 yo pt with ASD and developmental
delays admitted with catatonia. After 1 wk
of benzodiazepines with no benefit, next
step of therapy?

Answer 17

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Question 18

In autism spectrum disorder, chromosomal

microarray analysis is specific for?

Answer 18

DNA duplications or deletions

Question 19

Patient with atypical presentation of autism
and no family history. Best technique to
identify rare genetic mutations?

Answer 19

Whole-exome sequencing