Neuro System Flashcards
Myelinated Cells Acronym?
COPS
CNS:Oligodendrocytes PNS:Schwann cells
____ Na+ out, ___ K+ in
3 Na+
2 K+
Ependymal cells produce ________ which cushions the CNS.
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Outermost to innermost meninges acronym
DAP = dura → arachnoid → pia
Parasympathetic nervous system effects through the ______ nerve
vagus
What does the Sympathetic NS do to the eyes?
Dilation of the pupil
Which part of the ear takes in sound waves?
The outer ear
Which part of the ear transfers sound waves?
Where does it transfer them to?
the tympanic membrane
from outer ear to middle ear!
What is the middle ear composed of?
3 bony ossicles
Malleus, incus, & stapes
_______ transfer vibrations through the ______ ear and amplify the signal
ossicles, middle
The _______ transfers the vibrations from the _____ to the _______ ear via the oval window.
stapes
middle to inner
Through what structure does the stapes transfers vibrations from the middle ear to the inner ear?
The oval window
* its attached to the oval window *
The ______ uses _____ and ______ to convert the mechanical signal into a neuronal signal, known as transduction.
cochlea, fluid and hairs
Round window
Located where?
Helps fluid do what?
Membrane covered opening
Between the middle ear and the inner ear
Helps fluid expand & vibrate
Semicircular canal
Has what?
Main function?
Has fluid and hairs
Gives information about the person’s movement & dizziness
Cornea definition
Transparent
Focuses light & protects the eye
Iris definition
Controls the size of the pupil
Pupil definition
Controls how much light enters the eye
Lens definition
Focuses images on retina
Retina
Has what 2 parts?
Photoreceptors @ back of eye
Rods: low-light perception
Cones: color perception
Fovea
Main function?
Has a lot of what?
Located where?
Responsible for high acuity vision
Highest concentration of photoreceptors
In the retina
Amacrine and bipolar cells take info from ____ and transmit it to ________ of what nerve?
Take information from rods and cones
Transmit to ganglion cells of the optic nerve
Optic nerve
bundle of axons that transmits visual info. to the brain
Optic disk
Blind spot of the eye, where the optic nerve passes through to reach the brain
Sclera
Protective connective tissue that surrounds the eye, the “white part” of the eye.
Choroid
Vascular connective tissue
How many taste receptor cells?
Where is taste info sent?
5 taste receptor cells:
- salty, sweet, bitter, sour, and umami.
Sent to thalamus & gustatory cortex
Where do olfactory receptor cells send their signals to?
Olfactory cortex, which gives us the perception of smell
Also the thalamus & orbitofrontal cortex for smell sensation
Thalamus
the “relay center” for the brain that relays information from the body to the brain
Hypothalamus
maintains homeostasis by stimulating the autonomic nervous system and controlling hormone secretion
Hippocampus
responsible for the consolidation of memories
Amygdala
processes fear and is responsible for emotional reactions to certain scents
Motor movement is controlled primarily through the….. and ……
cerebral cortex and the cerebellum.
The limbic system is responsible for
emotions, memory, learning, and motivation
cerebellum
coordination of movement
