Animal behavior Flashcards
What are the inherited behaviors
FRII
1. Instincts
2. Reflexes
3. Fixed Action Patterns
4. Imprinting
T/F: Complex reflexes are slower
TRUE
T/F: Simple reflexes are slower
FALSE, they are faster
Stimulus generalization
The more a stimulus differs from the original conditioned stimulus, the smaller the conditioned response
Fixed Action Patterns
- Hardwired actions initiated by a specific stimulus (simplest instinct form)
- Once initiated, they will continue to completion even if the stimulus is removed during the behavior
- NOT flexible or adaptable.
Operant conditioning
Learning to associate a behavior with a reward (increases behavior) or a punishment (decreases behavior).
Classical conditioning
A neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus resulting in a conditioned response
________ behaviors increase an animal’s _______, allowing it to adapt to unexpected events.
Learned, fitness
Imprinting
Animals learn behaviors that will never be forgotten
Occurs during the critical period
What are the learned behaviors
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Associative Learning
Associative Learning
Learning that two things are connected to each other
Increases stimulus response efficiency. Can be forgotten (extinction) or remembered via re-association (recovery)
Spatial learning is associating a response with a specific ______.
location
_______ recovery occurs when a stimulus is absent for a period of time and reintroduced, allowing the behavior to occur.
Spontaneous
Observational learning
Learning by watching another animal perform the same behavior
Animal learns without reinforcement & increases efficiency.
______ is learning in a new situation. NO reinforcement required.
Insight
Non-associative learning
Learning occurs when you are not associating a stimulus with a behavior
2 types of non-associative learning
Sensitization
Habituation
Sensitization
What increases?
As stimulus occurs more often, behavioral response increases.
Habituation
What decreases?
Decreasing behavioral response
in response to repetitive, meaningless stimulus.
decreasing behavioral response
in response to repetitive, meaningless stimulus.
decreasing behavioral response
in response to repetitive, meaningless stimulus.
Releaser pheromones are _____ and ______ behaviors
immediate, reversible
Primer pheromones are _____ _______ behaviors
long term
Agonistic behaviors?
Competing for food, territory, or mates. Include: threats, aggression, and submission.
Appeasement behavior?
A threat by one animal causes another animal’s submission, which avoids aggression
Altruistic behaviors are ______ made for _______.
sacrifices, relatives
Females contribute a ____ of energy in mating, while males contribute _____ energy
LOT, LITTLE
Polygyny
one male multiple females.
Polyandry
one female multiple males.
Semelparity
mate once in lifetime (multiple offspring, low survival, harsh conditions, no parental care).
Iteroparity
mate many times in lifetime (one offspring, high survival, dependable environment, parental care).
