BIO crash course Flashcards
shapes of bacteria
coccus: sphere
spiro: spiral
baccillus: rods
growth of bacteria
staph: clusters
strep: chain
diplo: pairs
gram negative acronym
Lipopolysacc
Outer membrane
Negative
Gram
-stains pink
-little amt of peptidoglycan
gram positive acronym
Positive/Purple
Peptidoglycan!!! lots
Teichoic acids
Porifera IMPORTANT characteristics
Digestive: intracellular amoebocytes
Amoebocytes: glorified cilia (projections) that increase
surface area for digestion
Cnidaria IMPORTANT characteristics
Digestive: gastrovascular cavity for digestion (only 1 hole in a jellyfish)
Nervous: nerve Net
Cnidocytes: stinging cells
cnido: cnidarian, cytes: cells
Platyhelminthes IMPORTANT characteristics
Nervous: nerve cords
Digestive: gastrovascular cavity
Excretory System: protonephridia (flame cells)
Nematoda IMPORTANT characteristics
Nervous: nerve cords
Digestive: alimentary canal (mouth TO anus)
Nerve Cord: large nerve fibers running through body
Alimentary Canal: hole that goes from mouth to anus
Rotifera IMPORTANT characteristics
Nervous: central ganglia
Digestive: alimentary canal
Excretory System: protonephridia
Central Ganglia: group of neurons resembling brain
Annelida IMPORTANT characteristics
Circulatory: closed circulatory system (blood inside)
Nervous: ganglia & ventral nerve cord (~spinal cord)
Digestive: alimentary canal
Excretory System: metanephridia (more complicated bc now on land!)
Mollusca IMPORTANT characteristics
Circulatory: open circulatory system
Nervous: brain & ventral nerve cord
Respiratory: gills
Digestive: alimentary canal
Excretory System: nephridia (MORE complex!)
Arthropoda General Characteristics
Circulatory: open circulatory system
Nervous: ganglia & ventral nerve cord
Digestive: one way digestion
- mouth is mouth, anus is anus!
INSECTS IMPORTANT Characteristics
Respiratory: spiracles (gills for land animals) & tracheal tubes
Excretory: Malpighian tubules (more complicated!)
Echinoderm IMPORTANT characteristics
Circulatory: open circulatory system
Nervous: nerve ring and radial nerves
Respiratory: non (diffusion)
Digestive: complete mouth and anus
Excretory System: none (diffusion)
Nerve ring: ring of nerves with protrusions to body parts
IMPORTANT CHORDATE TRAITS
NO CHORey Do Not Pinch People
Notochord: rod that makes spinal BONES
Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord: makes spinal cord + brain
Pharyngeal Gill Slits: makes respiratory structures
Muscular Post Anal Tail: tail lost in development
