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Year 2 > Neuro BME > Flashcards

Neuro BME Flashcards

1
Q

1.Damage to which of the following causes internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

  • Corpus Callosum
  • MLF
  • Cranial Nerve 1
  • Cranial nerve 4
  • Spinocerebellar tracts
A

MLF

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2
Q

Lateral Medullary Syndrome is caused by stroke in?

  • Basilar artery
  • AICA
  • PICA
  • Superior Cerebellar Artery
  • Anterior Communicating Artery
A

PICA

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3
Q

Which of the following diseases has a CGG triplet repeat disorder?

  • Fragile X syndrome
  • Huntington’s
  • Charcot Marie Tooth Disease
  • Myotonic Dystrophy
  • Friedreich’s Ataxi
A

Fragile X Syndrome

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4
Q

A positive Babinski sign is sign in what kind of a lesion?UMNLMNTraumatic Brain Injur

A

UMN

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5
Q

Which muscle is responsible for blinking in the corneal reflex?

  • Orbicularis Oris
  • Occipitalis
  • Platysma
  • Orbicularis Oculi
  • LPS
A

Orbicularis Ocul

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6
Q

What is the most common cause of Bell’s Palsy?

  • MS
  • Idiopathic
  • Stroke
  • ALS
  • Encephalit
A

Idiopathic

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7
Q

Palsy of Abducens nerve causes which of the following?

  • Horizontal diplopia
  • Vertical diplopia
  • Unopposed abduction of the eye
A

Horizontal Diplopia

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8
Q

Strabismus vs Amblyopia

A

Strabismus is squint, andamblyopia is lazy eye (a condition caused by strabismus)

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9
Q
A
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10
Q
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11
Q
A
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12
Q

THE EAR

Loss of percieving system/inner ear results in….

A

SENSORINEURAL hearingloss

  • Otitis externa (most common bacterial cause is calledstaph aureus)
  • Otitis media (aka glue ear, most common bacterialcause is called staph aureus)
  • Meniere’s-too much endolymph-> increased pressureon the nerve (vertigo, tinnitus, SNHL
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13
Q

What is Dysmertria?

A

is a lack of coordination of movementtypified by the undershoot or overshoot of intendedposition witha limb

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14
Q

Dysarthria

A

:slurred speech

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15
Q

Dysdiadochokinesia

A

poorly performed repetitivemovements

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16
Q

Fasciculations

A

Visible twitching of a muscle due todamaged alpha motor neuron

17
Q

Spasticity

A

increased muscle tone/stiffness.

18
Q

Apraxia

A

impaired selection of movement (cannotexecute something they understand

19
Q

Ataxia:

A

lack of coordination.

  • Central(due to damage to the cerebellum)
  • Sensory(due to a lack of sensory input)
20
Q

Friedrich’s Ataxia:

A

AR Triple repeat hereditary disorder(GAA)

21
Q

Anterior Cord Injury

A

loss of motorfunction,crude touch, temp and painsensation below the level of the lesion(affects the corticospinal and spinothalamictracts)

22
Q

Posterior Cord Injury

A

:loss of fine touch,vibration and proprioception below level ofinjury (affects the dorsal columns

23
Q

Central cord injury:affects

A

the corticospinaltracts and the lateral spinothalamic tract.Loss of pain and temperature, andweakness

24
Q

What is cerebral palsy?

A

When there is an overall deficit in motorfunction due to lack of oxygen during or near tochildbirth which subsequently causes brain damage tothe neonate

25
Q

What is spina bifida

A

failure of the caudal end of the spinal cord to fuseproperly

Can potentially cause paralysis and inability to control bladder and bowel

Risk of hydrocephalus and CNS infection

26
Q

What are the types of spine bifidas?

A

Occulta

Meiningocele

Myelomeningocele

27
Q

What is Cortical Heteropia?

A

Grey matterheterotopiais a malformation ofcorticaldevelopment,wherecorticalcells (grey matter) are present in inappropriatelocations in the brain, due to interruption in their migration to theircorrect location in the cerebralcortex

28
Q

The Middle meningeal artery is supplied by the ___________ ____

A

Maxillary artery

29
Q

Middle meningeal artery is the common site for what____

A

epidural haemorrhage

30
Q
A
31
Q

Examples of excitatory neurotransmitters?

A

Glutamate

Aspartate

Nirtic oxide

32
Q

Examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters?

A

Glycine

GABA

Serotonin

Dopamine

33
Q

Examples of neurotransmitters that are both inhibitory and excitatory?

A

Acetylcholine

Nor epinephrine

34
Q
A

Year 2 (33 decks)

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