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Year 2 > Dermatology 3 > Flashcards

Dermatology 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Basal cell carcinoma is also known as?

A

rodent ulcers

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2
Q

What is the most common skin malignancy?

A

basal cell carcinoma

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3
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

Malignant tumour of _________ ________
Normally affects ______ ______ ____ individuals

A

Malignant tumour of epidermal keratinocytes
Normally affects middle aged-older individuals

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4
Q

RF for BCC

A

Risk factors include pale skin type, UV sun exposure,
immunosuppression, previous skin cancer, inherited syndromes

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5
Q

Common sites of BCC

A

Common sites include face, arms, legs (sun exposed areas)

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6
Q

Name the different types of BCC

A

Nodular

Superficial

Sclerosing

Pigmented

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7
Q

Which BCC is most common type on the face?

A

Nodular BCC

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8
Q

Which BCC tends to occur in younger patients?

A

Superficial

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9
Q

Which BCC is skincoloured waxy, scar-like ?

A

Sclerosing

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10
Q

Which BCC is brown, blue or greyish lesion that may resemble melanoma?

A

Pigmented

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11
Q

What is the managemenf of BCC

A

• Surgical excision is usual treatment of choice - allows histological examination of
the tumour and margins
• Radiotherapy when surgery is inappropriate
• Topical treatment (imiquimod cream) or photodynamic therapy for superficial
subtype
• Prognosis is excellent especially for smaller lesions - locally invasive if untreated
but metastatic spread is extremely rare
• High risk of developing further lesions (~50% ppl develop further lesion within 5
years) and affected individuals at ^ risk of developing other forms of skin cancer

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12
Q

Which skin malignacy is most common in black people?

A

Squamous Cell Carinoma

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

BCC

Usually grow over weeks – months, can be painful, often ulcerated

A

FASLE

SCC

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14
Q

RF for SCC

A

Risk factors include UV sun exposure, (HPV infection in Black
people), immunosuppression and smoking (particularly SCC of lips)

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15
Q

Common sites SCC

A

Most SCCs are found on sun-exposed sites, particularly the face,
lips, ears, hands, forearms, lower legs & anogenital region in Black
people

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16
Q

Management of SCC

A
  • Surgical excision - treatment of choice
  • Radiotherapy - for large, non-resectable tumours
  • Early stage tumours >90% 5 year survival
  • Approximately 10% rate of metastasis overall
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17
Q

________ ____– excessive
keratin production results in a
hard horn; this can overlie SCC,
pre-cancerous lesions or warts

A

Cutaneous horn – excessive
keratin production results in a
hard horn; this can overlie SCC,
pre-cancerous lesions or warts

18
Q

______________ – a rapidly
growing keratinising skin nodule
which can look identical to SCC
but resolves without treatment.

A

Keratoacanthoma – a rapidly
growing keratinising skin nodule
which can look identical to SCC
but resolves without treatment.

19
Q

Actinic Keratoses is also known as

A

solar keartosis

20
Q

Where does Actinic Keratoses develop usually?

A

Develop in areas of sun damage (face,
backs of hands, bald scalps), usually
older individuals. Rarely seen in Black
people

21
Q

Actinic Keratoses is a maligannt tumour

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE

Premalignant - small minority (<1%)
may eventually progress to SCC

22
Q

Actinic Keratoses treatment options?

A

• Treatment options include cryotherapy and curettage for individual lesions or topical 5-fluorouracil for field treatment

23
Q

WHat is bowne’s disease

A

SCC in situ

24
Q

Where is bowen’s disease found?

A

Commonly found on the lower leg or trunk, more
often in women.

25
Q

Bowen’s Disease can be mistaken for?

A

Bowen’s disease may resemble discoid eczema,
psoriasis or superficial basal cell carcinoma.

26
Q

Bowen’s disease treatment?

A

Treated by cryotherapy, curettage, topical 5- fluorouracil or imiquimod, or photodynamic therapy.

27
Q

What is the ABCDE rule for Malignant melanoma

A
28
Q

What is the weighted 7 point checklist?

Malignant melanoma

A
29
Q

What is a Malignant melanoma

A

An invasive malignant tumour of the epidermal melanocytes, which has
the potential to metastasise

30
Q

RF for Malignant melanoma

A
  • Increasing age
  • UV exposure
  • Previous invasive melanoma or melanoma in situ
  • Previous non-melanoma skin cancer
  • Many melanocytic naevi (moles) especially if atypical naevi
  • Strong family history of melanoma with 2 or more first-degree relatives affected
  • Fair skin that burns easily
31
Q

Different types of malignant melanoma?

A

Superficial Spreading

Mucosal and Ocular Melanomas

Lentigo Maligna Melanoma

Nodular Melanoma

32
Q

Which melanoma is common on the face in elderly population; Related to long-term cumulative UV exposure

A

Lentigo Maligna Melanoma

33
Q

Which melanoma is

  • Common on the lower limbs
  • Young and middle-aged adults
  • Related to intermittent high intensity UV exposure
A

Superficial Spreading

34
Q

Which melanoma arise on lips, eyelids, vulva, penis, anus and on sclera

A

Mucosal and Ocular Melanomas

35
Q
A
36
Q

Which melanoma is

  • Common on the trunk
  • Young and middle aged adults
  • Related to intermittent high- intensity UV exposure
A

Nodular Melanoma

37
Q

Management for Malignant melanoma?

A

Surgical excision - definitive treatment
•Sentinel lymph node biopsy for higher risk lesions
•Surgery if nodal disease
•Radiotherapy – only for metastatic disease
•Targeted or immunotherapy if systemic metastases

38
Q

Recurrence of melanoma based on _______ thickness (thickness of tumour):

Explain this?

A

Recurrence of melanoma based on Breslow thickness (thickness of tumour):

  • <0.76mm thick – low risk,
  • 0.76mm-1.5mm thick – medium risk,
  • >1.5mm thick – high risk
39
Q

Prognosis of rmelanoma?

A
  • 5 year survival rates based on the TNM classification:
  • Stage 1 (T <2mm thick, N0, M0) – 90%,
  • Stage 2 (T>2mm thick, N0, M0) – 80%
  • Stage 3 (N≥1, M0) – 40-50%
  • Stage 4 (M ≥ 1) – 20-30%
40
Q
A

Year 2 (33 decks)

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