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neuro Flashcards

1
Q

common migraine preventative meds

A

cyproheptadine, topamax

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2
Q

most common malignant brain tumor of childhood

A

medulloblastoma

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3
Q

headache, ataxia, obstructive hydrocephalus

A

medulloblastoma

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4
Q

endocrinopathies, behavior changes, visual disturbances

A

craniopharyngioma
calcification in sella turcia
tx: surgery, radiation

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5
Q

assoc with optic nerve glioma

A

NF

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6
Q

cranial bruit in neonate

A

vein of Galen malformation

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7
Q

causes of acute ataxia

A

vaccinations
post viral
tox

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8
Q

recurrent resp infections, eye pigmentation, CNS findings

A

ataxia telangiectasia
AR
inc risk of lymphoma/leukemia

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9
Q

clumsy gait, elevated plantar arch, no LE DTRs, cardiomyopathy

A

Friedrich ataxia

AR

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10
Q

meds that cause ataxia

A

AEDs

thallium

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11
Q

meds that cause tremor

A

amphetamines
VPA
phenothiazines
TCAs

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12
Q

chorea, hypotonia, emotional lability

A

Huntingon chorea

AD

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13
Q

difference with juvenile Huntington

A

present with rigidity

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14
Q

tics

A

repetitive, improve/disappear with purposeful movement, can be suppressed

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15
Q

stereotypies

A

rocking, hand flapping

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16
Q

tx Tourette’s

A

habit reversal training

rx only if interfering with daily activities

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17
Q

fever, abrupt onset weakness and decreased reflexes

A

transverse myelitis
usually spontaneous recovery
pain on palpation of spinal cord
need MRI with gad

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18
Q

steroids in spinal cord compression vs spinal trauma

A

dex for compression

methylpred for trauma

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19
Q

tx Guillain Barre

A

IVIG, pheresis

20
Q

tx myasthenia

A

pyridostigmine
pheresis, plasma exchange
thymectomy can be curative in children

21
Q

ID in duchennes

A

often present, but usually mild

22
Q

dx duchennes

A

genetic testing for Xp21

CK always elevated even before sx

23
Q

inheritance duchennes

A

Xlinked
frequent spontaneous mutation
CK level can be elevated in female carriers

24
Q

cause of death in duchennes

A

heart failure

respiratory failure

25
Q

muscles with slow relaxation after contraction, distal muscle wasting, endocrinopathies

A

myotonic muscular distrophy
AD

CK levels may be normal

26
Q

dx myotonic muscular dystrophy

A

muscle biopsy

27
Q

risk factors for recurrence of febrile seizure

A

low fever at time of sz
young age
family hx
short period of time between fever and seizure

28
Q

percent of febrile sz children who develop epilepsy

A

5%

29
Q

3 second spike and wave EEG

A

absence seizure

30
Q

what maneuver to induce absence seizure

A

hyperventilation

31
Q

tx absence seizure

A

ethosuximide

lamictal, VPA

32
Q

VPA SEs

A

cytopenias

liver and pancreas dysfn

33
Q

myoclonic jerks on waking, GTCs, absence seizures

A

juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

34
Q

EEG findings in JME

A

none

35
Q

tx JME

A

VPA, keppra

36
Q

hypsarrhythmia EEG

A

infantile spasms

37
Q

assoc with infantile spasms

A

tuberous sclerosis

38
Q

tx infantile spasms

A

ACTH

vigabatrin

39
Q

prognosis of infantile spasms

A

if developmental delay prior, poor prognosis

40
Q

centrotemporal spikes and slow waves EEG

A

benign rolandic epilepsy

41
Q

seizures at night, facial seizures (usually unilateral sensory involvement), aware but unable to speak

A

benign rolandic epilepsy

42
Q

inheritance benign rolandic epilepsy

A

dominant

43
Q

when to tx benign rolandic epilepsy

A

only after 3+ seizures

44
Q

when to attempt weaning of AEDs

A

if sz free for 2 years

45
Q

most common risk factor for developing CP

A

perinatal infection

46
Q

spastic quadriplegia with dystonia and strange movements

A

dyskinetic cerebral palsy

47
Q

stroke, elevated lactate, SNHL

A

mitochondrial disorder

boards prep (34 decks)

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