FEN Flashcards
formula for osmolality
2*Na + BUN/2.8 + glucose/18
normal osmolality
265-285
Winter’s formula
pCO2 = (1.5*HCO3 + 8) +/- 2
distal RTA
aka type I/classic
distal tubule can’t secrete H+ into urine
urine with high pH
mimicked by spironolactone
proximal RTA
aka type 2
proximal tubule can’t reabsorb bicarb
urine still acidic
mimicked by acetazolamide
type 4 RTA
aldosterone resistance/deficiency
hyperkalemia
daily sodium requirement
3 mEq/kg/day
higher in preterm infants
nephrogenic DI
X linked
resistance to vasopressin
low urine sodium
< 10-20
drugs that cause SIADH
vincristine, cyclophosphamide, carbamazepine
tx of SIADH
fluid restriction
lasix and hypertonic saline
demeclocycline (if 8yo+)
causes fo pseudohyponatremia
hyperTG
elevated proteins
daily potassium requirement
2 mEq/kg/day
signs of 5% dehydration
tachycardia, decreased tears, decreased UOP
needs 50 mL/kg
signs of 10% dehydration
sunken eyes, poor skin turgor, sunken fontanelle
needs 100 mL/kg
signs of 15% dehydration
shock, delayed cap refill
needs 100 mL/kg
sodium content of ORS
75 mEq/L of sodium
how to calculate sodium deficit
(goal - measured) * weight * 0.6
electrolyte disturbance in CF
hypochloremic hyponatremic metabolic alkalosis
max amount to correct sodium in hypernatremia
10-12 mEq/L per day
