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ENT Flashcards

1
Q

how much hearing loss with tympanosclerosis

A

minimal

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2
Q

sudden onset bilateral sensorineural deafness

A

viral labyrinthitis

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3
Q

meds that cause SNHL

A

lasix
ethacrynic acid
aminoglycosides
salicylates

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4
Q

infections that cause SNHL

A 
CMV
rubella
HSV
syphilis
bacterial meningitis
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5
Q

when can SNHL occur in bacterial meningitis

A

in first 24 hours

make sure to get hearing test

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6
Q

genetic syndromes that cause SNHL

A

Alport
mitochondrial
neurodegenerative
CHARGE (and other cleft palate syndromes)

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7
Q

how does ABR work

A

EEG waveforms, must be asleep

if > 6 mos, may need sedation

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8
Q

who should be tested with behavioral observation audiometry

A

screening test for less than 6 mos of age

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9
Q

who should be tested with visual reinforced audiometry

A

6-24 months, tests for bilateral hearing loss

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10
Q

who should be tested with play audiometry

A

2-4yrs

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11
Q

who gets pure-tone audiometry

A

4+; tests each ear independently

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12
Q

flat or low amplitude line on tympanogram

A

stiff membrane, middle ear fluid, obstructed tympanostomy tube

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13
Q

high volume tympanogram

A

perforated TM

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14
Q

chronic purulent drainage from perfed L TM without cholesteatoma findings

A

chronic suppurative OM
often pseudomonas, also Staph and fusobacterium
need topical ofloxacin

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15
Q

recurrence rate in cholesteatoma

A

50%

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16
Q

when can you do watchful waiting with AOM

A

must be non severe

  • > 6 mos: unilateral
  • > 24 mos: bilateral too
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17
Q

common complication of tymp tubes

A

granuloma - large red mass with bloody discharge

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18
Q

how to prevent OE

A

OTC boric acid or acetic acid solutions

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19
Q

tx of cauliflower ear

A

ice packs and pressure –> evacuation

prevent cartilage loss

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20
Q

nasal smear with eos

A

seasonal allergic rhinitis

21
Q

assoc with nasal polyps

A

CF
asthma
chronic allergic rhinitis
chronic sinusitis

22
Q

assoc with bilateral choanal atresia

A

CHARGE

23
Q

when does maxillary sinus develop

A

birth

24
Q

when does ethmoid sinus develop

A

birth

25
Q

when does sphenoid sinus develop

A

5-6 years

26
Q

when does frontal sinus devlope

A

5-6 years

27
Q

imaging in acute vs chronic sinusitis

A

acute - clinical dx

chronic - get CT

28
Q

worry with recurrent and worsening epistaxis

A

nasopharyngeal angiofibroma or other posterior nasopharyngeal mass

29
Q

monospot timing considerations

A

> 4 yo
can become positive 2-3 weeks into illness
can be positive for up to 9 months

30
Q

pharyngitis in teen with erythematous patches

A

gonococcal pharyngitis

31
Q

complication of T&A

A

velopharyngeal insufficiency - hypernasal voice

32
Q

herpangina vs HSV gingivostomatitis

A

herpangina usually posterior

HSV usually anterior with more gingical lesions

33
Q

oral ulcers with gray/white coagulum, thin rim of erythema

A

aphthous ulcer

34
Q

tender red nodule on cheek in infant

A

cold panniculitis

no tx needed

35
Q

reasons for delayed tooth eruption

A 
hypothyroidism
hypopituitarism
ecodermal hypoplasia
hypohidrosis
rickets
36
Q

tx dental abscess

A

penicillin

clinda if allergic

37
Q

risks with cleft palate

A

eustachian tube dysfn

vision, hearing, dental, speech complications

38
Q

bifid uvula associations

A

submucous cleft palate
velopharyngeal insufficiency
middle ear effusion

39
Q

post op complication of T&A for OSA

A

pulmonary edema

40
Q

blunted inspiratory loop on spirometry

A

vocal cord paralysis

41
Q

chronic or progressive hoarseness, worse in evening, no stridor

A

vocal cord nodules

42
Q

biphasic stridor

A

usually subglottic stenosis

43
Q

what other than paraflu causes croup

A

measles!

also RSV, flu

44
Q

neck film in toxic patient with croup - ragged air column

A

bacterial tracheitis

45
Q

what happens with needle aspiration of atypical mycobacterial lymphadenopathy

A

chronic drainage

46
Q

should you excise thyroglossal duct cyst

A

no - at least until screened to see if thyroid tissue present

47
Q

viral causes of parotitis

A

mumps

HIV

48
Q

bacterial cause of parotitis

A

staph aureus

boards prep (34 decks)

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