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boards prep > derm > Flashcards

derm Flashcards

1
Q

lesions at site of scalp pH monitor

A

neonatal HSV

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2
Q

WBCs in pustular melanosis

A

PMNs

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3
Q

WMBs in etox

A

eosinophils

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4
Q

neonate with macular lesions, some with central vesicles

A

etox

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5
Q

diffuse scaling and erythematous papules and pustules

A

cutaneous candidiasis

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6
Q

what to think about with profuse seb derm, esp in ears

A

Langerhans Cell histiocytosis

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7
Q

primary irritant vs allergic contact dermatitis

A

primary irritant: right away

allergic: requires multiple exposures

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8
Q

pruritic rash on feet, minimal scale thickening of plantar surface, hyperlinearity of soles

A

juvenile plantar dermatosis
occlusive shoes and synthetic socks
tx: triamcinolone or other steroid

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9
Q

plaques with pin-sized bleeding spots when picked off

A

psoriasis

Auspitz sign

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10
Q

dry skin, scales that have pasted-on appearance, improves in heat/humidity, hyperlinear palms/soles

A

icthyosis vulgaris

AD

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11
Q

findings in incontinentia pigmenti

A

patterned blistering
delayed teeth eruption
strabismus

XL dominant

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12
Q

looks like ringworm but non scaling - without epidermal involvement

A

granuloma annulare

self limited

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13
Q

papule on sole of foot with break in skin

A

swimming pool granuloma - mycobacterium marinum

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14
Q

common triggers of erythema multiforme

A

HSV

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15
Q

multiple target lesions with dusky center, staring extremities –> trunk

A

erythema multiforme

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16
Q

boggy blue ulcers with necrotic base

A

pyoderma gangrenosum

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17
Q

tx scabies

A

permethrin, including household contacts

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18
Q

tx head lice

A

permethrin rinse, repeat in 1 week

treat close household contacts

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19
Q

what happens if itching continues after lice treated

A

inflammatory reaction

tx steroid cream

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20
Q

blue gray macules on abdomen/inner thigh

A

maculae ceruleae – means pubic lice

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21
Q

what to do for crabs in eyelashes

A

petroleum jelly

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22
Q

what’s seen in Wright staining of molluscum

A

viral inclusion bodies

23
Q

clustered erythematous papules with central punctum, that recur episodically, often at night; no affected family members

A

papular urticaria
delayed hypersensitivity reaction to insect bite
tx: identify causative agent

24
Q

MOA of salicylic cid

A

reduces formation of obstructive lesions

good for comedonal acne

25
Q

MOA of benzoyl peroxide

A

bactericidal

good for inflammatory > comedonal acne

26
Q

can you apply benzoyl peroxide and tretinoin together?

A

no - tretinoin won’t work

27
Q

MOA of tretinoin

A

halts plugging of hair follicles
good for comedonal acne
can result in initial flare-up of acne

28
Q

when to use oral antibiotics for acne

A

mod to severe inflammatory acne

29
Q

oral antibiotics and OCPs

A

use back up birth control

30
Q

round well defined patches of complete hair loss, occurs suddenly, bulbs seen under shedded hairs

A

telogen effluvium

31
Q

pigmented lesions that flush and develop blisters

A

urticaria pigmentosa

32
Q

what medications should infants with urticaria pigmentosa avoid

A

narcotics, NSAIDs, contrast

33
Q

dx of langerhans cell histiocytosis

A

skin biopsy, electron microscopy

34
Q

hypopigmented patches that get worse with sun exposure

A

pityriasis versicolor
Malassezia - dx KOH prep
tx astringents and antifungals

35
Q

tx vitiligo

A

topical steroids

tacro

36
Q

other findings in Sturge Weber

A

developmental delay, seizures, hemiplegia, glaucoma/vision issues
need MRI to eval for venous leptomeningeal angiomatosis

37
Q

tx of port wine stain

A

pulsed dye laser

38
Q

common infection that causes SJS

A

Mycoplasma

39
Q

brown/red plaque with scaling in axillae, groin, toe webs; bright red fluorescence with Woods lamp

A

erythrasma

tx: erythromycin + azole

40
Q

bad icthyosis in male neonate - what dz and what other findings?

A

X linked recessive icthyosis

GU anomalies - undescended testes, underdeveloped penis and scrotum

41
Q

port wine stain on lower extremities - what syndrome to consider

A

Klippel Trenaunay
limb/soft tissue overgrowth
vascular malformations

42
Q

criteria for dx of NF1

A 
6+ cafe au lait spots (>5mm in kids, >15mm post pub)
iris hamartomas
neurofibromas
optic nerve gliomas
inguinal/axillary freckling
tibial pseudoarthrosis
family hx
43
Q

inheritance NF1

A

AD

chromosome 17

44
Q

risks in NF1

A

pheochromocytoma
renal artery stenosis

monitor for HTN

45
Q

hearing loss/tinnitus, cataracts

A

NF2

chr 22

46
Q

features of tuberous sclerosis

A 
3+ ash leaf spots
periventricular/cortical tubers
sebaceous gland hyperplasia (can look like acne)
shagreen patch
subungual fibroma
cardiac rhabdomyoma
retinal nodular hamartomas
renal angiomyolipoma
47
Q

developmental abnormalities of teeth, nails, hair, sweat glands

A

ectodermal dysplasia

48
Q

recurrent blistering of the skin and mucosa, nail changes

A

epidermolysis bullosa

49
Q

dandy walker, large facial hemangioma, cerebral arterial anomalies, coarctation, microphthalmia

A

PHACE

50
Q

ANA in cutaneous lupus

A

speckled

Ro and La

51
Q

boy with frontal bossing, pegged teeth, absent sweating, periorbital wrinkling

A

hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

XL recessive

52
Q

what to think of with childhood basal cell carcinoma

A

Gorlin syndrome
AD
risk of ovarian tumors, medulloblastoma

53
Q

unilateral irregularly speckles blue/gray facial discoloration

A

nevus of Ota

risk of cutaneous and ocular melanoma

boards prep (34 decks)

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