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Anatomy And Physiology For Paramedic Science > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

Communication to the external environment is through:

A

Verbal and non-verbal communication, special senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch and balance)

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2
Q

Internal communication is through which 2 systems?

A

Endocrine system and nervous system

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3
Q

The endocrine system: Glands are situated… Secrete… which target… and… Slower than…

A

in different parts of the body. hormones, cells, tissues. nerves.

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4
Q

Nervous system is involved in… and… It co-ordinates activities and actions of … It is … than the endocrine system.

A

Communication, controlling. individual body systems. Faster.

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5
Q

What 2 systems work together to maintain homeostasis

A

Nervous and endocrine systems

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6
Q

Principle functions of the nervous system

A

Receive, convey, integrate

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7
Q

Recieve

A

Receive stimuli from outside and inside the body. Analyse information. Coordinate an appropriate response

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8
Q

Concey

A

Convey impulses from the brain. Stimulate or depress activity in muscles, glands or other tissues

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9
Q

Integrate

A

Integrate there many different functions carried out by the individual organ tissues and cells

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10
Q

The two types of nervous tissue

A

Neurones (conduct nerve impulses) and neuroglia (unique connective tissue that supports neurones)

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11
Q

How many more neuroglia than neurones are there?

A

10 times more

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12
Q

CNS stands for…

A

Central nervous system

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13
Q

Two parts of the CNS

A

Brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

3 parts of brain in CNS

A

Cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem

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15
Q

3 parts of brain stem in CNS

A

Mid brain pons variolli and medulla oblongata

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16
Q

What surround the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

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17
Q

5 layers of meninges

A

Skull, dura mater (double layer), arachnoid mater, pie mater, cerebrospinal fluid

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18
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are in the peripheral nervous system

A

31

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19
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there

A

12

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20
Q

What are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system

A

Somatic NS (voluntary and consciously percieved) Autonomic NS (involuntary)

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21
Q

2 parts of Autonomic NS

A

Parasympathetic and sympathetic

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22
Q

In a non-myelinated neuron the main parts are…

A

The dendrites, nucleus, cell body, axon, neurilemma and terminal boutons

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23
Q

Dendrite is… and the… of the nervous system

A

An extension of the cell body. White matter of the nervous system.

24
Q

Cell body forms the… of the nervous system… and is found in the… of the brain and the.. of the spinal cord

A

Grey matter of the nervous system . Found in the periphery of the brain and the centre of the spinal cord

25
Q

Axon is a.. of the cell body. It can be…

A

Extension of the cell body. Myelinated and un-mylinated

26
Q

Terminal boutons contain what?

A

Neurotransmitters

27
Q

What changes the electrical impulse of the cell

A

The movement of sodium and potassium ions through the axon

28
Q

Is myelinated or unmylinated neuron faster

A

Mylinated

29
Q

Myelin sheths cause the impulses to…

A

To jump

30
Q

Myelinated neurones are… They have … of … wrapped around the axon and between the layers is myelin (…) Myelin insulates the… and nodes of … assist rapid transmission of nerve…

A

Peripheral, concentric layers, Schwann cell plasma membrane, fatty substance, axon, ranvier, impulses.

31
Q

At terminal boutons the impulse is changed from

A

Electrical to chemical

32
Q

Neurotransmitters are made by

A

Nerve cells

33
Q

Neurotransmitters are stored in

A

Terminal boutons

34
Q

Neurotransmitters convert info from

A

One neurone to another

35
Q

Peripheral nerves are…

A

Myelinated

36
Q

Shwann cell plasma membrane wrap around the ….

A

Axon and between layers in myelin

37
Q

Node of ranvier assist

A

Rapid transmission of nerve impulses

38
Q

Acetylcholine (Ach)

A

Is one of the most abundant neurotransmitters in the body. Found in the CNS and the PNS.

39
Q

Functions of acetylcholine

A

Stimulates muscles to contract. Memory and cognition.

40
Q

A nerve is numerous…

A

Neurones that are collected into bundles

41
Q

Afferent vs efferent

A

Sensory vs motor

42
Q

Afferent nerves

A

Carry information from the body to the spinal cord and can be autonomic

43
Q

Efferent nerves

A

Originate from the brain and the spinal cord. Transmit impulses to the effector organs: muscles and glands

44
Q

Are neuroglia excitable or non excitable

A

Non excitable

45
Q

4 types if neuroglia

A

Astrocytes oligodendrocytes ependymal cells microglia

46
Q

Neurones are supported by

A

Neuroglia

47
Q

Somatic vs autonomic

A

Voluntary vs involuntary

48
Q

Sympathetic nervous system vs parasympathetic nervous system

A

Fight or flight vs rest and digest

49
Q

Cranial nerve impulses originate from…

A

Nuclei within the brain

50
Q

How are cranial nerves numbered?

A

Roman numerals (1-12) in order that they connect to brain

51
Q

Vagus nerve is the … cranial nerve and forms part of the.. nervous system

A

10th, parasympathetic

52
Q

In the cervical area of the spine how many nerve pairs are there?

A

8

53
Q

In the thoracic area of the spine how many nerve pairs are there?

A

12

54
Q

In the lumbar area of the spine how many nerve pairs are there?

A

5

55
Q

In the sacral area of the spine how many nerve pairs are there?

A

5

56
Q

In the coccygeal area of the spine how many nerve pairs are there?

A

1

Anatomy And Physiology For Paramedic Science (26 decks)

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