ECG's

Question 1

What is an ECG?

Answer 1

A recording of the electrical activity of the heart.

Question 2

Where does the electrical activity travel in the heart?

Answer 2

SA node (RA) to Bachmans bundle (LA) and AV node. Then to bundle of His and down bundle branches to Purkinje fibres through ventricles.

Question 3

What is happening in depolarisation?

Answer 3

When sodium floods in a potassium floods out and the electrical wave moves.

Question 4

Repolarisation is what?

Answer 4

When the sodium and potasium resore to normal.

Question 5

Contraction is depolarisation or repolarisation?

Answer 5

depolarisation.

Question 6

Relaxing of the cardiac muscles is depolarisation or repolarisation?

Answer 6

repolarisation.

Question 7

Where are the lead placements of a 3 lead ECG?

Answer 7

red-right arm, yellow- left arm, black- right leg, green- left leg.

Question 8

How many leads does a 3 lead ECG have?

Answer 8

4

Question 9

Which way are the ‘pictures’ taken?

Answer 9

Right arm to left arm (lead 1), Right arm to left leg (lead 2). Left arm to left leg (lead 3).

Question 10

When is a positive deflection?

Answer 10

when electricity is towards a positive.

Question 11

When is a negative deflection?

Answer 11

when electricity is away from a positive

Question 12

what is the isoelectic line

Answer 12

the invisible line of an ecg that everything returns to

Question 13

which lead is the most positive and why?

Answer 13

lead 2 because overall wave of electricity is right atria to left venticle.

Question 14

how fast does ecg paper travel

Answer 14

25mm per second

Question 15

the tiny square on an ecg is how long?

Answer 15

0.04 seconds

Question 16

5 tiny squares on an ecg are how long

Answer 16

0.2 seconds

Question 17

time runs which way on ecg paper

Answer 17

across

Question 18

What is a P wave

Answer 18

depolerisation of atria (positive)

Question 19

How long should a P wave be?

Answer 19

0.08-0.12 seconds (2-3 squares)

Question 20

What is the PR interval?

Answer 20

time between start of P wave and start of QRT complex

Question 21

How long should PR be?

Answer 21

0.12-0.2 seconds (3-5 squares)

Question 22

What hapens in the heart at PR

Answer 22

AV node holds electricity

Question 23

QRS complex represents what?

Answer 23

ventricular depolarisation

Question 24

How long should a QRS interval be?

Answer 24

0.04-0.12 seconds (1-3 squares)

Question 25

Is Q positive or negative

Answer 25

negative

Question 26

do ecgs need qr and s

Answer 26

no

Question 27

What is the T wave measuring

Answer 27

ventricular repolarisation

Question 28

Why is a T wave positive if its repolarisation?

Answer 28

see suzy

Question 29

Why is QRS bigger than P?

Answer 29

over bigger area

Question 30

QT intervals shorten when what happens?

Answer 30

heart rate increases

Question 31

ST should always…

Answer 31

return to isoelectric line

Question 32

U wave represents?

Answer 32

late repolarisation

Question 33

Is a U wave normal?

Answer 33

yes but uncommon

Question 34

What 10 things do you need to look at on an ECG

Answer 34

what is the heart rate? Is the heart rate regular? Are there P waves? Are P waves all the same size and shape? Is there a P wave before every QRS complex? Is there a QRS complex after every P wave? Is the PR interval normal? Is the QRS interval normal? Are the T waves normal? Is the ST segment iso-electric?

Question 35

What preparation is needed for the patient?

Answer 35

expose as necessary, select are prepare electrode site (wipe if necessary), shave patient if necessary, attach leads to electrodes, attach electrodes to patient.

Question 36

Where is the pacemaker in a normal ecg?

Answer 36

SA node

Question 37

what is a normal ecg called?

Answer 37

normal sinus rhythm

Question 38

What does PEA stand for

Answer 38

pulseless electrical activity