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HUMAN ANATOMY FROM HELL > nervous system > Flashcards

nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

what is in the central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

what is in the peripheral nervous system

A

cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia

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3
Q

what are ganglia

A

clusters of neuron cell bodies located outside the central nervous system

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4
Q

what are the specialized nerve endings that collect information by detecting changes in the internal/external environment

A

receptors

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5
Q

afferent is

A

inflowing

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6
Q

what is the somatic sensory

A

the general somatic senses like touch, pain, pressure, vibration, temperature,

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7
Q

the somatic senses are considered ________

A

voluntary, because we have control over them

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8
Q

________ ________ is said to be involuntary

A

visceral sensory

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9
Q

efferent

A

conducting outward

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10
Q

which division is towards the CNS

A

sensory (afferent) division

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11
Q

which division is away from the CNS

A

motor (efferent) division

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12
Q

what are the two categories under the motor (efferent) division

A

somatic motor and autonomic motor

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13
Q

what is the motor/efferent division responsible for

A

transmitting motor impulses from the CNS to the mucles or glands

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14
Q

what is the sensory/afferent division responsible for

A

recieving sensory info from receptors and transmitting this info to the CNS

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15
Q

the somatic motor system is considered _____ whereas the autonomic motor system is considered ______

A

voluntary, involuntary

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16
Q

what does the somatic motor system do

A

conducts nerve impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles causing them to contract

17
Q

what does the autonomic motor system do

A

innervates internal organs and regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

18
Q

what is the condition called where the autonomic motor component doesnt function properly

A

dysautonomia

19
Q

what are the two divisions of the autonomic motor component

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic division

20
Q

what does the sympathetic division of the autonomic motor component do

A

typically speeds up body activities

21
Q

what does the parasympathetic division of the autonomic motor component do

A

typically slows down body activities

22
Q

what are neurons

A

excitable cells that initiate and transmit nerve impulses

23
Q

what are glial cells

A

nonexcitable cells that support and protect the neurons

24
Q

what part of the neuron conducts nerve impulses TOWARDS the cell body

A

dendrites

25
Q

what part of the neuron conducts nerve impulses AWAY from the cell body

A

axons

26
Q

glial cells can do this, neurons usually cant

A

mitosis

27
Q

what is another name for glial cells

A

neuroglia

28
Q

what are the 3 types of glial cells we need to know about for this class

A

astrocytes, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes

29
Q

what do the glial cells astrocytes do

A

reduce permeability (blood brain barrier) they wrap around the outer surface of capillaries in the brain to help make them more selectively permeable

30
Q

what are the most abundant type of glial cell

A

astrocytes

31
Q

what do the glial cells ependymal cells do

A

make up the choroid plexus (along w nearby capillaries) which produces CSF

32
Q

what do oligodendrocytes (CNS) and neurolemmocytes/schwann cells (PNS) do

A

produce insulating material myelin which surrounds many neurons forming a myelin sheath

33
Q

what is a nerve

A

a bundle of parallel axons

34
Q

what nervous system are nerves part of

A

the peripheral nervous system

35
Q

what do sensory nerves do

A

convey sensory info to the CNS and all the axons are conducting impulses in the same direction

36
Q

what do motor nerves do

A

convey motor impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands and all the axons are conducting impulses in the same direction

37
Q

what week of fetal development does nervous tissue start to develop

A

during the 3rd week

HUMAN ANATOMY FROM HELL (28 decks)

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