more and more muscles Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 2 anterior thoracic muscles
A
serratus anterior and pectoralis minor
2
Q
origin of pec minor
A
sternal ends of upper ribs
3
Q
insertion of pec minor
A
coracoid process of scapula
4
Q
action of pec minor
A
protracts and depresses scapula
5
Q
what is the prime mover in scapular protraction
A
serratus anterior
6
Q
origin of serratus anterior
A
anterior and superior margins of upper ribs
7
Q
insertion of serratus anterior
A
medial border and anterior surface of scapula
8
Q
action of serratus anterior
A
scapular protraction
9
Q
what are the 3 posterior thoracic muscles
A
trapezius, rhomboid major/minor
10
Q
which muscles are antagonistic to the serratus anterior and pec minor
A
rhomboid major/minor
11
Q
origin of rhomboid major
A
spinous processes of T2-T5
12
Q
insertion of rhomboid major
A
medial border of scapula
13
Q
action of rhomboid m ajor
A
retracts and elevates scapula
14
Q
origin of rhomboid minor
A
spinous processes of C7-T2
15
Q
insertion of rhomboid minor
A
medial border of scapula
16
Q
actiono f rhomboid minor
A
retracts and elevates scapula
17
Q
origin of trapezius (3)
A
superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12
18
Q
insertion of trapezius (3)
A
clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
19
Q
action of trapezius
A
elevate, retract, depress
20
Q
what are the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint/arm that originate on the axial skeleton
A
latissimus dorsi and pec major
21
Q
what are the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint/arm that originate on the scapula
A
deltoid, coracobrachialis, teres major, subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
22
Q
which is the prime arm extendor
A
latissimus dorsi
23
Q
origin of latissimus dorsi (4)
A
spinous processes of T7-T12, many of the lower ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
24
Q
insertion of latissimus dorsi
A
intertubercular groove of proximal humerus
25
action of latissimus dorsi
arm extention
26
origin of pec major (3)
medial clavicle, costal cartilages of upper ribs, body of sternum
27
insertion of pec major
lateral part of intertubercular groove of proximal humerus
28
action of pec major
prime mover (agonist) of arm flexion at the shoulder
29
what is the prime mover of arm flexion (at the shoulder)
pectoralis major
30
what is the prime abductor of the arm
deltoid
31
origin of deltoid (3)
acromial end of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
32
insertion of deltoid
deltoid tuberosity on humerus
33
action of deltoid
flex and medially rotate arm, abduct arm, extend and laterally rotate arm
34
what is a syngergist to the pec major
coracobrachialis
35
origin of CORACObrachialis
coracoid process of scapula
36
insertion of coracobrachialis
middle medial shaft of humerus
37
action of coracobrachialis
adducts and flexes arm
38
what works synergistically with the latissimus dosrsi
teres major
39
origin of teres major
inferior lateral border and inferior angle of scapula
40
insertion of teres major
lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove at proximal end of humerus
41
4 rotator cuff muscles
subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
42
origin of subscapularis
subscapular fossa of scapula
43
insertion of subscapularis
lesser tubercle of humerus
44
action of subscapularis
medially rotates arm
45
origin of supraspinatus
supraspinous fossa of scapula
46
insertion of supraspinatus
greater tubercle of humerus
47
action of supraspinatus
abducts the arm like when you start to execute a throw of a baseball
48
origin of infraspinatus
infraspinous fossa of scapula
49
insertion of infraspinatus
greater tubercle of humerus
50
action of infraspinatus
adducts and laterally rotates arm like when you slow down your arm after throwing something
51
origin of teres minor
upper lateral border of scapula
52
insertion of teres minor
greater tubercle of humerus
53
action of teres minor
adducts and laterally rotates arm like when you slow down your arm after throwing something
54
which of the 2 rotator cuff muscles are synergists
teres minor and infraspinatus
55
the anterior compartment of the arm contains
primarily elbow flexors
56
the posterior compartment of the arm contains
primarily elbow extensors
57
which 2 muscles are in the anterior compartment of the arm
brachialis and biceps brachii
58
what arm muscle is in the posterior compartment of the arm
triceps brachii
59
what is the origin of the biceps brachii (2)
long head: supraglenoid tubercle
short head: coracoid process of scapula
60
insertion of biceps brachii (2)
radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
61
action of biceps brachii
weakly flexes elbow joint, powerful supinator of the forearm
62
the biceps brachii and brachialis are______
synergists
63
what is the most powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow
brachialis
64
origin of the brachialis
distal anterior surface of humerus
65
insertion of brachialis (2)
tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
66
action of brachialis
primarily flexor of forearm
67
what is the prime extensor of the elbow joint
triceps brachii
68
the biceps brachii and the ____ _____ are antagonists
triceps brachii
69
origin of triceps brachii (3)
long head: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral head: above radial groove on humerus
medial head: below radial groove on humerus
70
insertion of triceps brachii
olecranon of ulna
71
action of triceps brachii
primary extensor of the elbow joint
72
what is the definition of extrinsic muscles of the wrist/hand
the muscles originate on the forearm
73
what is the definition of intrinsic muscles of the wrist/hand
muscles originate and insert w/in the hand
74
what encircles the thigh muscles like a sock
the fascia latae
75
the anterior compartment muscles of the thigh do what
extend the knee or flex the thigh
76
the medial compartment muscles of the thigh do what
adduct the thigh
77
the lateral compartment muscles of the thigh do what
abduct the thigh
78
the posterior compartment muscles of the leg do what
flex the knee and extend the thigh
79
origin of the psoas major
transverse proceses/bodies of lower vertebrae
80
insertion of posas major
lesser trochanter of femur w iliacus
81
action of psoas major
flexes the thigh
82
what muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh
iliopsoas (psoas major + iliacus), sartorius, quadriceps femoris
83
what is the longest muscle in the body
sartorius
84
origin of sartorius
anterior superior iliac spine
85
insertion of sartorius
tibial tubreosity/medial side
86
action of sartorius
flexes thigh and rotates thigh laterally
87
what muscle is in the lateral compartment of the thigh
tensor fasciae latae
88
what muscle is in the medial compartment of the thigh
gracilis
89
what is the one groin muscle discussed in class
the gracilis
90
origin of gracilis
inferior ramus and body of pubis
91
insertion of gracilis
upper medial surface of tibia
92
action of gracilis
adducts and flexes thigh/leg
93
what is the lateral thickening of the fascia lata called
iliotibial tract
94
origin of tensor fascia latae
iliac crest and lateral surface of ASIS
95
insertion of tensor fascia latae
iliotibial tract
96
action of tensor fascia latae
abducts the thigh, medially rotates thigh
97
what is the chief extensor of the thigh
gluteus maximus
98
origin of gluteus maximus (3)
iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
99
insertion of gluteus maximus (3)
IT band, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity
100
action of gluteus maximus
extends and rotates thigh laterally
101
what muscles are in the posterior compartment of the thigh
gluteus maximus, piriformis, hamstring muscles
102
the tensor fascia lata is antagonistic to which muscle
gluteus maximus
103
what are the names of the four heads of the quadriceps femoris
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
104
origin of the rectus femoris
anterior inferior iliac spine
105
action of rectus femoris
extends leg at the knee, flexes thigh at the hip
106
origin of vastus lateralus
greater trochanter and linea aspera
107
action of vastus lateralis
extends leg at the knee joint
108
action of vastus intermedius
extends the leg
109
origin of vastus intermedius
anterolateral surface of femur
110
origin of vastus medialis
intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
111
action of vastus medialis
extends leg
112
what muscles are antagonistic to the quadriceps femoris
the hamstrings
113
what is in the posterior/flexor compartment of the thigh
the hamstrings
114
what are the 3 muscles that make up the hamstrings
biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendonosus
115
which muscle forms the lateral wall of the popliteal fossa
biceps femoris
116
origin of the biceps femoris
long head: ischial tuberosity
short head: linea aspera
117
insertion of biceps femoris
head of fibula
118
action of biceps femoris
extends thigh, flexes leg, laterally rotates leg
119
which two muscles make up the medial wall of the popliteal fossa
semimembranosus and semitendonosus
120
origin of the semimembranosus
ischial tuberosity
121
insertion of semimembranosus
posterior surface of medial condyle of tibea
122
action of semimembranosus
extends thigh and flexes leg, medially rotates leg
123
origin of the semitendinosus
ischial tuberosity
124
insertion of semitendinosus
proximal medial surface of tibia
125
action of semitendinosus
extends thigh and flexes leg, medially rotates leg
126
what are the three compartments of the crural muscles
lateral, posterior, anterior
127
what do the muscles of the anterior compartment of the crural muscles do
dorsiflex the foot and or extend the toes
128
what is the primary dorsiflexor of the foot at the ankle
tibialis anterior
129
what is the muscle in the anterior compartment of the crural reigon
tibialis anterior
130
origin of tibialis anterior
lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane
131
insertion of tibialis anterior
first metatarsal and a tarsal bone
132
action of tibialis anterior
dorsiflexes and inverts foot
133
what is the muscle in the lateral compartment of the crural region
peroneus longus
134
origin of the peroneus longus
head and superior shaft of fibula and lateral condyle of tibiai
135
insertion of peroneus longus
base of first metatarsal and a tarsal bone
136
action of peroneus longus
everts foot and weak plantar flexor
137
the tibialis anterior tendon goes _____ the foot and attaches to the first metatarsal and a tarsal bone whereas the peroneus longus tendon goes _____ the foot and attaches to the same spot
over
under
138
what muscles are in the posterior compartment of the crural region
gastrocnemius and soleus
139
origin of gastrocnemius
superior posterior non-articular surfaces of lateral and medial condyles of femur
140
insertion of gastrocnemius
calcanius via the calcaneal (achilles) tendon
141
action of gastrocnemius
flexes leg and plantar flexes foot
142
origin of the soleus
head and proximal shaft of fibula and medial border of tibia
143
insertion of soleus
calcaneus via the calcaneal (achilles) tendon
144
action of soleus
flexes leg at the knee joint
and plantar flexes foot
145
what muscles make up the triceps surae
gastrocnemius and soleus
146
the plantar surface of the foot is supported by the ______ ____/_____
plantar aponeurosis/fascia
