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HUMAN ANATOMY FROM HELL > more and more muscles > Flashcards

more and more muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 anterior thoracic muscles

A

serratus anterior and pectoralis minor

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2
Q

origin of pec minor

A

sternal ends of upper ribs

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3
Q

insertion of pec minor

A

coracoid process of scapula

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4
Q

action of pec minor

A

protracts and depresses scapula

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5
Q

what is the prime mover in scapular protraction

A

serratus anterior

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6
Q

origin of serratus anterior

A

anterior and superior margins of upper ribs

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7
Q

insertion of serratus anterior

A

medial border and anterior surface of scapula

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8
Q

action of serratus anterior

A

scapular protraction

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9
Q

what are the 3 posterior thoracic muscles

A

trapezius, rhomboid major/minor

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10
Q

which muscles are antagonistic to the serratus anterior and pec minor

A

rhomboid major/minor

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11
Q

origin of rhomboid major

A

spinous processes of T2-T5

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12
Q

insertion of rhomboid major

A

medial border of scapula

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13
Q

action of rhomboid m ajor

A

retracts and elevates scapula

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14
Q

origin of rhomboid minor

A

spinous processes of C7-T2

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15
Q

insertion of rhomboid minor

A

medial border of scapula

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16
Q

actiono f rhomboid minor

A

retracts and elevates scapula

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17
Q

origin of trapezius (3)

A

superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12

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18
Q

insertion of trapezius (3)

A

clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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19
Q

action of trapezius

A

elevate, retract, depress

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20
Q

what are the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint/arm that originate on the axial skeleton

A

latissimus dorsi and pec major

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21
Q

what are the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint/arm that originate on the scapula

A

deltoid, coracobrachialis, teres major, subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

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22
Q

which is the prime arm extendor

A

latissimus dorsi

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23
Q

origin of latissimus dorsi (4)

A

spinous processes of T7-T12, many of the lower ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

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24
Q

insertion of latissimus dorsi

A

intertubercular groove of proximal humerus

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25
Q

action of latissimus dorsi

A

arm extention

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26
Q

origin of pec major (3)

A

medial clavicle, costal cartilages of upper ribs, body of sternum

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27
Q

insertion of pec major

A

lateral part of intertubercular groove of proximal humerus

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28
Q

action of pec major

A

prime mover (agonist) of arm flexion at the shoulder

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29
Q

what is the prime mover of arm flexion (at the shoulder)

A

pectoralis major

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30
Q

what is the prime abductor of the arm

A

deltoid

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31
Q

origin of deltoid (3)

A

acromial end of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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32
Q

insertion of deltoid

A

deltoid tuberosity on humerus

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33
Q

action of deltoid

A

flex and medially rotate arm, abduct arm, extend and laterally rotate arm

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34
Q

what is a syngergist to the pec major

A

coracobrachialis

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35
Q

origin of CORACObrachialis

A

coracoid process of scapula

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36
Q

insertion of coracobrachialis

A

middle medial shaft of humerus

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37
Q

action of coracobrachialis

A

adducts and flexes arm

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38
Q

what works synergistically with the latissimus dosrsi

A

teres major

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39
Q

origin of teres major

A

inferior lateral border and inferior angle of scapula

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40
Q

insertion of teres major

A

lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove at proximal end of humerus

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41
Q

4 rotator cuff muscles

A

subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

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42
Q

origin of subscapularis

A

subscapular fossa of scapula

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43
Q

insertion of subscapularis

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

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44
Q

action of subscapularis

A

medially rotates arm

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45
Q

origin of supraspinatus

A

supraspinous fossa of scapula

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46
Q

insertion of supraspinatus

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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47
Q

action of supraspinatus

A

abducts the arm like when you start to execute a throw of a baseball

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48
Q

origin of infraspinatus

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

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49
Q

insertion of infraspinatus

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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50
Q

action of infraspinatus

A

adducts and laterally rotates arm like when you slow down your arm after throwing something

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51
Q

origin of teres minor

A

upper lateral border of scapula

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52
Q

insertion of teres minor

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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53
Q

action of teres minor

A

adducts and laterally rotates arm like when you slow down your arm after throwing something

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54
Q

which of the 2 rotator cuff muscles are synergists

A

teres minor and infraspinatus

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55
Q

the anterior compartment of the arm contains

A

primarily elbow flexors

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56
Q

the posterior compartment of the arm contains

A

primarily elbow extensors

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57
Q

which 2 muscles are in the anterior compartment of the arm

A

brachialis and biceps brachii

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58
Q

what arm muscle is in the posterior compartment of the arm

A

triceps brachii

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59
Q

what is the origin of the biceps brachii (2)

A

long head: supraglenoid tubercle
short head: coracoid process of scapula

60
Q

insertion of biceps brachii (2)

A

radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

61
Q

action of biceps brachii

A

weakly flexes elbow joint, powerful supinator of the forearm

62
Q

the biceps brachii and brachialis are______

A

synergists

63
Q

what is the most powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow

A

brachialis

64
Q

origin of the brachialis

A

distal anterior surface of humerus

65
Q

insertion of brachialis (2)

A

tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

66
Q

action of brachialis

A

primarily flexor of forearm

67
Q

what is the prime extensor of the elbow joint

A

triceps brachii

68
Q

the biceps brachii and the ____ _____ are antagonists

A

triceps brachii

69
Q

origin of triceps brachii (3)

A

long head: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral head: above radial groove on humerus
medial head: below radial groove on humerus

70
Q

insertion of triceps brachii

A

olecranon of ulna

71
Q

action of triceps brachii

A

primary extensor of the elbow joint

72
Q

what is the definition of extrinsic muscles of the wrist/hand

A

the muscles originate on the forearm

73
Q

what is the definition of intrinsic muscles of the wrist/hand

A

muscles originate and insert w/in the hand

74
Q

what encircles the thigh muscles like a sock

A

the fascia latae

75
Q

the anterior compartment muscles of the thigh do what

A

extend the knee or flex the thigh

76
Q

the medial compartment muscles of the thigh do what

A

adduct the thigh

77
Q

the lateral compartment muscles of the thigh do what

A

abduct the thigh

78
Q

the posterior compartment muscles of the leg do what

A

flex the knee and extend the thigh

79
Q

origin of the psoas major

A

transverse proceses/bodies of lower vertebrae

80
Q

insertion of posas major

A

lesser trochanter of femur w iliacus

81
Q

action of psoas major

A

flexes the thigh

82
Q

what muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

iliopsoas (psoas major + iliacus), sartorius, quadriceps femoris

83
Q

what is the longest muscle in the body

A

sartorius

84
Q

origin of sartorius

A

anterior superior iliac spine

85
Q

insertion of sartorius

A

tibial tubreosity/medial side

86
Q

action of sartorius

A

flexes thigh and rotates thigh laterally

87
Q

what muscle is in the lateral compartment of the thigh

A

tensor fasciae latae

88
Q

what muscle is in the medial compartment of the thigh

A

gracilis

89
Q

what is the one groin muscle discussed in class

A

the gracilis

90
Q

origin of gracilis

A

inferior ramus and body of pubis

91
Q

insertion of gracilis

A

upper medial surface of tibia

92
Q

action of gracilis

A

adducts and flexes thigh/leg

93
Q

what is the lateral thickening of the fascia lata called

A

iliotibial tract

94
Q

origin of tensor fascia latae

A

iliac crest and lateral surface of ASIS

95
Q

insertion of tensor fascia latae

A

iliotibial tract

96
Q

action of tensor fascia latae

A

abducts the thigh, medially rotates thigh

97
Q

what is the chief extensor of the thigh

A

gluteus maximus

98
Q

origin of gluteus maximus (3)

A

iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx

99
Q

insertion of gluteus maximus (3)

A

IT band, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity

100
Q

action of gluteus maximus

A

extends and rotates thigh laterally

101
Q

what muscles are in the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

gluteus maximus, piriformis, hamstring muscles

102
Q

the tensor fascia lata is antagonistic to which muscle

A

gluteus maximus

103
Q

what are the names of the four heads of the quadriceps femoris

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis

104
Q

origin of the rectus femoris

A

anterior inferior iliac spine

105
Q

action of rectus femoris

A

extends leg at the knee, flexes thigh at the hip

106
Q

origin of vastus lateralus

A

greater trochanter and linea aspera

107
Q

action of vastus lateralis

A

extends leg at the knee joint

108
Q

action of vastus intermedius

A

extends the leg

109
Q

origin of vastus intermedius

A

anterolateral surface of femur

110
Q

origin of vastus medialis

A

intertrochanteric line and linea aspera

111
Q

action of vastus medialis

A

extends leg

112
Q

what muscles are antagonistic to the quadriceps femoris

A

the hamstrings

113
Q

what is in the posterior/flexor compartment of the thigh

A

the hamstrings

114
Q

what are the 3 muscles that make up the hamstrings

A

biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendonosus

115
Q

which muscle forms the lateral wall of the popliteal fossa

A

biceps femoris

116
Q

origin of the biceps femoris

A

long head: ischial tuberosity
short head: linea aspera

117
Q

insertion of biceps femoris

A

head of fibula

118
Q

action of biceps femoris

A

extends thigh, flexes leg, laterally rotates leg

119
Q

which two muscles make up the medial wall of the popliteal fossa

A

semimembranosus and semitendonosus

120
Q

origin of the semimembranosus

A

ischial tuberosity

121
Q

insertion of semimembranosus

A

posterior surface of medial condyle of tibea

122
Q

action of semimembranosus

A

extends thigh and flexes leg, medially rotates leg

123
Q

origin of the semitendinosus

A

ischial tuberosity

124
Q

insertion of semitendinosus

A

proximal medial surface of tibia

125
Q

action of semitendinosus

A

extends thigh and flexes leg, medially rotates leg

126
Q

what are the three compartments of the crural muscles

A

lateral, posterior, anterior

127
Q

what do the muscles of the anterior compartment of the crural muscles do

A

dorsiflex the foot and or extend the toes

128
Q

what is the primary dorsiflexor of the foot at the ankle

A

tibialis anterior

129
Q

what is the muscle in the anterior compartment of the crural reigon

A

tibialis anterior

130
Q

origin of tibialis anterior

A

lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane

131
Q

insertion of tibialis anterior

A

first metatarsal and a tarsal bone

132
Q

action of tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexes and inverts foot

133
Q

what is the muscle in the lateral compartment of the crural region

A

peroneus longus

134
Q

origin of the peroneus longus

A

head and superior shaft of fibula and lateral condyle of tibiai

135
Q

insertion of peroneus longus

A

base of first metatarsal and a tarsal bone

136
Q

action of peroneus longus

A

everts foot and weak plantar flexor

137
Q

the tibialis anterior tendon goes _____ the foot and attaches to the first metatarsal and a tarsal bone whereas the peroneus longus tendon goes _____ the foot and attaches to the same spot

A

over
under

138
Q

what muscles are in the posterior compartment of the crural region

A

gastrocnemius and soleus

139
Q

origin of gastrocnemius

A

superior posterior non-articular surfaces of lateral and medial condyles of femur

140
Q

insertion of gastrocnemius

A

calcanius via the calcaneal (achilles) tendon

141
Q

action of gastrocnemius

A

flexes leg and plantar flexes foot

142
Q

origin of the soleus

A

head and proximal shaft of fibula and medial border of tibia

143
Q

insertion of soleus

A

calcaneus via the calcaneal (achilles) tendon

144
Q

action of soleus

A

flexes leg at the knee joint
and plantar flexes foot

145
Q

what muscles make up the triceps surae

A

gastrocnemius and soleus

146
Q

the plantar surface of the foot is supported by the ______ ____/_____

A

plantar aponeurosis/fascia

HUMAN ANATOMY FROM HELL (28 decks)

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