Nervous & Respiratory System Flashcards
Organ System:
1. Major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system of the body.
Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Two Divisions of the Nervous System
Central and Peripheral Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Division of the Nervous System:
1. Consists of the brain and spinal cord.
Central Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Division of the Nervous System:
1. Consists of all nervous tissues outside the central nervous system
Peripheral Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Division of the Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic and Autonomic Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Division of the Peripheral Nervous System:
1. Controls the voluntary actions by transmitting signals from the central nervous system to the skeletal muscle cells.
Somatic Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Division of the Peripheral Nervous System:
1. Controls the involuntary actions by conveying the impulses from the central nervous system to smooth muscles and involuntary organs.
Autonomic Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Division of the Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Division of the Autonomic Nervous System:
1. Flight of fight
2. Responsible for responding to dangerous or stressful situations
Sympathetic Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Division of the Autonomic Nervous System:
1. Rest and digest
2. Responsible for relaxing the body after periods of stress and danger.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Structure and Parts:
1. Control unit of the body
Brain
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Structure and Parts:
1. Long bundle of nerves and cells that extend from the lower portion of the brain to the lower back.
Spinal Cord
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Structure and Parts:
1. Structured and functional unit of the nervous system that are able to conduct electrochemical signals.
2. Has the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into an action potential
Neuron
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Neuron:
1. Any change in the environment that is strong enough to initiate an action potential.
Stimulus
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Neuron:
1. Electrical signal that propagates along the surface of the membrane of a neuron.
Action Potential
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Neuron:
1. Shortest fiber that stretches out from the cell body that receives inputs.
Dendrite
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Neuron:
1. Longest thread on the cell membrane that propagates nerve impulses towards another neuron.
Axon
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Neuron:
1. Body of the neuron that contains the nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm that receives stimuli from the dendrite.
Cell Body
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Neuron:
1. The site of communication between two neurons.
Synapse
Organ System:
Nervous System:
1. Bundle of axons in the central nervous system
Tract
Organ System:
Nervous System:
1. Bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system
Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Two Types of Nerves
Motor and Sensory Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Two Types of Nerves:
1. Sends messages from the brain to all the muscles
Motor Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Two Types of Nerves
1. Sends messages from all the senses to the brain.
Sensory Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve for the sense of smell
Olfactory Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve for the sense of sight (vision)
Optic Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve for adjusting and coordinating eye position and movement
2. Controls the movement of the eyeball and upper eyelid
Oculomotor Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve for enabling movement in the eye’s superior oblique muscle (horizontal)
Trochlear Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve for enabling movement in the eye’s lateral rectus muscle (vertical)
Abducens Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Largest cranial nerve that provides sensory information to the face and scalp.
Trigeminal Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve that controls the facial movement and expression.
Facial Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Branch of the Vestibulocochlear Nerve for equilibrium, balance, and posture.
Vestibular Branch
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve for hearing
Cochlear Branch
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve that gives motor, parasympathetic and sensory information to the mouth and throat.
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve that controls the involuntary body functions.
Vagus Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve that controls the movement of certain neck muscles
Accessory Nerve
Organ System:
Nervous System:
Cranial Nerves:
1. Nerve that controls the movement of the tounge
Hypoglossal Nerve
Organ System:
1. System responsible for breathing wherein gases are exchanged to be carried by blood.
Respiratory System
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Entrance of the respiratory system
Nose
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Voice box
2. The short passageway to the trachea and responsible for vocals.
Larynx
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Windpipe
2. Tubular passageway that transports air in and out of the lungs.
Trachea
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Organ that distributes air from the trachea to the left and right lungs.
Bronchi
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Organ that delivers air from the bronchi to the alveoli.
Bronchioles
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Site of gas exchange inside the lungs.
Alveoli
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Facilitates gas exchange
Lungs
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
1. Biological process through which gases are transferred to either enter or leave the blood.
Gas Exchange
Organ System:
Respiratory System:
Process of Gas Exchange
Inhaled oxygen moves and enters the LUNGS and enters the ALVEOLIS then to the blood in the CAPILLARIES, and carbon dioxide move from the blood in the CAPILLARIES to the air in the ALVEOLI, through diffusion.
