Digestive, Skeletal, & Muscular System Flashcards
Organ System:
1. System responsible for breaking down food into substances which can be absorbed and utilized by the body for growth and energy.
Digestive System
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. The initial digestion that receives food by ingestion
Mouth
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Gland that releases a secretion called saliva into the oral cavity to aid in ingestion.
Salivary Glands
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Accessory digestive organ that helps in biting and chewing of foods.
Teeth
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Passageway that carries food to the esophagus and air to the lungs
Pharynx
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Muscular tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach through peristalsis.
Esophagus
Organ System:
Digestive System:
1. Involuntary wave-like contractions of muscles that are involved in the food movement in the digestive tract.
Peristalsis
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Mixing chamber and holding reservoir of food.
2. Produces a digestive fluid called hydrochloric acid
Stomach
Organ System:
Digestive System:
1. Digestive fluid that destroys harmful microorganisms present in the food particles.
Hydrochloric acid
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Produces enzymes that will help in digestion
Pancreas
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Removes toxin from the body’s blood supply
2. Produces bile
Liver
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Stores and secretes bile
Gallbladder
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Thin, long tube that further digests food
Small Intestine
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Thick, long tube that absorbs water and consists of bacteria that support the breakdown of waste
Large Intestine
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Passageway of feces for exit
Anus
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Phases of Gastric Secretion
- Cephalic Phase
- Gastric Phase
- Intestinal Phase
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Phases of Gastric Secretion:
1. Happens when the smell, sight, thought, or initial taste of food activates the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerve.
2. Prepares the mouth and stomach for food that is about to be eatem.
Cephalic Phase
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Phases of Gastric Secretion:
1. Phase in which swallowed food and semi-digested protein reaches the stomach and activates gastric activity.
Gastric Phase
Organ System:
Digestive System:
Phases of Gastric Secretion:
1. Begins once food enters the small intestine which stimulates secretion of gastric juice.
Intestinal Phase
Organ System:
1. System composed of all the bones and cartilages which support the whole body.
Skeletal System
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. An organ made up of several different tough tissues working together to provide structure and support to the body.
Bone
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue
- Osteoprogenitor Cells
- Osteoblasts
- Osteocytes
- Osteoclasts
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue:
1. Unspecialized bone stem cells
2. Only bone cells to undergo cell division, the resulting cells develop into osteoblasts
Osteoprogenitor Cells
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue:
1. Bone-building cells
2. Synthesize and secrete needed substances to build the extracellular matrix of bone tissue.
Osteoblasts
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue:
1. Main cells in bone tissue that maintains daily bone metabolism
Osteocytes
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue:
1. Functions in bone resorption for repair and maintenance
Osteoclasts
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Divisions of the Skeletal System
Axial and Appendicular Skeleton
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Divisions of the Skeletal System
1. Consists of 80 bones
2. Consists of the bones that lie around the longitudinal axis of the human body.
Axial Skeleton
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Divisions of the Skeletal System:
1. Consists of 126 bones
2. Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs.
Appendicular Skeleton
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. Points of contact that hold bones together
Joint
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. Bands of tissue that connects muscle to bone
Tendon
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. Bands of tissue that connects bone to bone
Ligament
Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. Padding between bones
Cartilage
Organ System:
1. System composed of muscles that holds the skeleton parts together so as to protect the body’s vital organs and to support the movement of its various parts.
Muscular System
Organ System:
Muscular System:
1. Band of fibrous tissue that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the positions of parts of the body.
Muscle
Organ System:
Muscular System:
Three Kinds of Muscles
- Cardiac
- Smooth
- Skeletal
Organ System:
Muscular System:
Three Kinds of Muscles:
1. Involuntary muscle present only in the heart responsible for the heart’s pumping action.
Cardiac Muscle
Organ System:
Muscular System:
Three Kinds of Muscles
1. Involuntary muscle that causes contractions within the organs which help in the transportation of materials.
Smooth Muscle
Organ System:
Muscular System:
Three Kinds of Muscles:
1. Voluntary muscles that helps in phyical action
Skeletal Muscle