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Biology > Digestive, Skeletal, & Muscular System > Flashcards

Digestive, Skeletal, & Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Organ System:
1. System responsible for breaking down food into substances which can be absorbed and utilized by the body for growth and energy.

A

Digestive System

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2
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. The initial digestion that receives food by ingestion

A

Mouth

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3
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Gland that releases a secretion called saliva into the oral cavity to aid in ingestion.

A

Salivary Glands

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4
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Accessory digestive organ that helps in biting and chewing of foods.

A

Teeth

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5
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Passageway that carries food to the esophagus and air to the lungs

A

Pharynx

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6
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Muscular tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach through peristalsis.

A

Esophagus

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7
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
1. Involuntary wave-like contractions of muscles that are involved in the food movement in the digestive tract.

A

Peristalsis

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8
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Mixing chamber and holding reservoir of food.
2. Produces a digestive fluid called hydrochloric acid

A

Stomach

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9
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
1. Digestive fluid that destroys harmful microorganisms present in the food particles.

A

Hydrochloric acid

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10
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Produces enzymes that will help in digestion

A

Pancreas

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11
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Removes toxin from the body’s blood supply
2. Produces bile

A

Liver

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12
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Stores and secretes bile

A

Gallbladder

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13
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Thin, long tube that further digests food

A

Small Intestine

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14
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Thick, long tube that absorbs water and consists of bacteria that support the breakdown of waste

A

Large Intestine

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15
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Parts and their Functions:
1. Passageway of feces for exit

A

Anus

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16
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Phases of Gastric Secretion

A
  1. Cephalic Phase
  2. Gastric Phase
  3. Intestinal Phase
17
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Phases of Gastric Secretion:
1. Happens when the smell, sight, thought, or initial taste of food activates the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerve.
2. Prepares the mouth and stomach for food that is about to be eatem.

A

Cephalic Phase

18
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Phases of Gastric Secretion:
1. Phase in which swallowed food and semi-digested protein reaches the stomach and activates gastric activity.

A

Gastric Phase

19
Q

Organ System:
Digestive System:
Phases of Gastric Secretion:
1. Begins once food enters the small intestine which stimulates secretion of gastric juice.

A

Intestinal Phase

20
Q

Organ System:
1. System composed of all the bones and cartilages which support the whole body.

A

Skeletal System

21
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. An organ made up of several different tough tissues working together to provide structure and support to the body.

22
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue

A
  1. Osteoprogenitor Cells
  2. Osteoblasts
  3. Osteocytes
  4. Osteoclasts
23
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue:
1. Unspecialized bone stem cells
2. Only bone cells to undergo cell division, the resulting cells develop into osteoblasts

A

Osteoprogenitor Cells

24
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue:
1. Bone-building cells
2. Synthesize and secrete needed substances to build the extracellular matrix of bone tissue.

A

Osteoblasts

25
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue:
1. Main cells in bone tissue that maintains daily bone metabolism

A

Osteocytes

26
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Types of Cells in the Bone Tissue:
1. Functions in bone resorption for repair and maintenance

A

Osteoclasts

27
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Divisions of the Skeletal System

A

Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

28
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Divisions of the Skeletal System
1. Consists of 80 bones
2. Consists of the bones that lie around the longitudinal axis of the human body.

A

Axial Skeleton

29
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
Divisions of the Skeletal System:
1. Consists of 126 bones
2. Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs.

A

Appendicular Skeleton

30
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. Points of contact that hold bones together

31
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. Bands of tissue that connects muscle to bone

32
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. Bands of tissue that connects bone to bone

33
Q

Organ System:
Skeletal System:
1. Padding between bones

34
Q

Organ System:
1. System composed of muscles that holds the skeleton parts together so as to protect the body’s vital organs and to support the movement of its various parts.

A

Muscular System

35
Q

Organ System:
Muscular System:
1. Band of fibrous tissue that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the positions of parts of the body.

36
Q

Organ System:
Muscular System:
Three Kinds of Muscles

A
  1. Cardiac
  2. Smooth
  3. Skeletal
37
Q

Organ System:
Muscular System:
Three Kinds of Muscles:
1. Involuntary muscle present only in the heart responsible for the heart’s pumping action.

A

Cardiac Muscle

38
Q

Organ System:
Muscular System:
Three Kinds of Muscles
1. Involuntary muscle that causes contractions within the organs which help in the transportation of materials.

A

Smooth Muscle

39
Q

Organ System:
Muscular System:
Three Kinds of Muscles:
1. Voluntary muscles that helps in phyical action

A

Skeletal Muscle

Biology (23 decks)

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