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Neuroscience > nerve questions i got wrong > Flashcards

nerve questions i got wrong Flashcards

1
Q

What neurogenetic technique measures ion movements across membranes but with poor spatial and termporal resolution.

A

radioactive ion flux assay.

Can determine where ions are moving into and a re very slow.

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2
Q

What kind of G-protein is used by olfactory receptor cells?

A

G(olf) leading to activation of adenylyl cyclase

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3
Q

Function of titin in skeletal muscle

A

maintain structure and elasticity

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4
Q

What protein is involved in the contraction of skeletal muscle but NOT smooth muscle?

A

Troponin

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5
Q

In skeletal muscle the calcium required for contraction enters the cytoplasm from/via the:

A

Terminal cisternae

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6
Q

An example of a calcium (Ca2+) reporter that is bioluminescent as opposed to fluorescent is:

A

Qequorin

Doesn’t require light to be encoded to excite GFP

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7
Q

Coupling mechanisms are found in all varieties of which channels

A

Ligand gated and voltage gated ion channels

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8
Q

Which cortical lobe of the human brain contains the primary motor cortex?

A

Frontal

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9
Q

Myosin is a … protein

A

Hexameric

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10
Q

This layer of the retina contains the cell bodies of bipolar cells

A

Inner nuclear layer

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11
Q

What kind of G-protein is used in phototransduction in rod/cone photoreceptor cells?

A

Gt leading to activation of phosphodiesterase

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12
Q

G protein found in melanopsin containing photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

A

Gq

Leads to Phospho Lipase C activation

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13
Q

In the hair cells of the inner ear, depolarisation occurs predominantly via

A

Entry of K+ cells

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14
Q

4 mechanisms by which calcium can enter the cytoplasm in smooth muscle.

A
  • L type calcium channels after membrane depolarisation
  • Ryanodine receptors on SR
  • After GPCR stimulation via Gq, IP3 can open ligand gated Ca channels on SR.
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15
Q

Three principal roles of the neuronal cytoskeleton

A
  • Structural
  • Transport
  • Tethering of membrane components
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16
Q

True/false do astrocytes produce APs?

A

FALSE

17
Q

True/false do pancreatic beta cells produce APs?

A

TRUE

18
Q

In skeletal muscle how many L-type calcium channels are associated with each ryanodine receptor?

A

4

19
Q

Olfactory neurons synapse onto second order olfactory neurons in the:

A

Olfactory bulb

20
Q

The pawn mutant of the protist Paramecium cannot generate action potentials because:

A

It lacks voltage gated Ca2+ channels

21
Q

Stimulus intensity in mammalian pyramidal neurons is encoded by:

A

AP frequency

22
Q

An example of a genetically encoded protein calcium (Ca2+) reporter that can fluoresce is…

A

GCamP

23
Q

Which proteins are necessary to maintain the resting membrane potential at -70 mV?

A

Potassium channels
Sodium channels
Sodium-potassium ATPase

24
Q

If someone suffers a head injury that leads to swelling of the brain, an effect known as coning may occur where the brain is pushed through the opening of the skull. Which area of the brain is most likely to be damaged due to coning?

A

Medulla

25
Q

What property of myelinated neurons means that they transmit action potentials more efficiently than unmyelinated neurons?

A

Lower membrane capacitance

26
Q

The functions of microglial cells include:

A

Phagocytosis

27
Q

What is the main factor that determines the value of the resting membrane potential of the typical cell?

A

diffusion of K+ ions down their concentration gradient

28
Q

Where are connexins found?

A

Gap junctions between neurons

29
Q

What is the mechanism for synaptic depression that underlies habituation of the gill withdrawal reflex in Aplysia?

A

Reduced calcium influx in the presynaptic neuron0

30
Q

How does temporal summation reach threshold value to fire an action potential?

A

Input from a single synapse fires at a sufficiently high frequency to compound to depolarise the postsynaptic cell above threshold

31
Q

Where does conotoxin work?

A

Voltage-dependent calcium channels

32
Q

Halorhodopsin

A

Chloride pump found in halobacteria. Powered by yellow/green light.

33
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Reversible inhibitor of AChesterase

34
Q

Tetrodotoxin targets which type of ion channel?

A

Voltage gated sodium channels

Neuroscience (22 decks)

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