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Neuroscience > Drugs questions i got wrong > Flashcards

Drugs questions i got wrong Flashcards

1
Q

What do low molecular weight heparins promote formation of?

A

Factor X/Antithrombin III complex

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2
Q

What does block of platelet ADP receptors by clopidogrel inhibit?

A

glycoprotein receptor mediated aggregation

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3
Q

NSTEMI events can be distinguished from unstable angina by the presence of:

A

blood markers

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4
Q

How might hypertrophic cardiomyopathy lead to diastolic dysfunction?

A

results in ventricle walls becoming thicker and stiffer

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5
Q

Cardiac glycosides contain the following chemical groups:

A

Lactone group
Steroid group
Sugar

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6
Q

steroids useful for treatment in bronchial asthma

A
  • beclometasone
  • budesonide
  • prednisolone
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7
Q

what is bound to glucocorticoid receptors before they bind agonists?

A

Heat shock proteins

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8
Q

Give example of toxin that acts via the neuromuscular nAChR and the organism which produces it.

A

Epibatidine - Epipedobates tricolor - frog

Botulinum toxin - Clostridium botulinum

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9
Q

Give example of toxin that acts via acetylcholinesterase and the organism which produces it.

A

Huperzine A - chinese firmoss

Physostigma - produced by calabar bean

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10
Q

Give example of toxin that acts via the mAChR and the organism which produces it.

A 
Tropane alkaloids (atropine, hyoscine)
Produced by Jimson Weed and belladonna/Deadly nightshade.
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11
Q

How many points of attachment does Noradrenaline make with adrenergic receptors?

A

three, R-NA binds tighter than S-NA

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12
Q

What occurs upon receptor interaction with Gq?

A

IP3 conc. increases.

Causes release of calcium.

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13
Q

What stimulates Phospholipase C?

A

alpha q - GTP

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14
Q

What stimulates protein kinase A?

A

alpha s - GTP

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15
Q

Dopamine receptor is under which class

A

GPCR

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16
Q

nAChR is under which class

A

ligand -gated ion channel

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17
Q

GABAa receptors are under which class

A

ligand gated ion channel

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18
Q

Antagonists have zero potency

TRUE/FALSE

A

FALSE

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19
Q

Adrenoreceptor expressed in skeletal muscle?

A

Beta 2 adrenoreceptor

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20
Q

What naturally occurring platelet inhibitor is dipyridamole similar to?

A

Prostacylcin

21
Q

What would a combination of atorvastatin and ezetimibe result in?

A

Reduced absorption of dietary cholesterol and reduced synthesis of cholesterol in the liver

22
Q

What is a group of drugs that are agonists at the nuclear hormone receptor PPARα?

A

Fibrates

23
Q

Drugs in class II of the VW system act primarily at …

A

β1 adrenoceptors

24
Q

Noradrenaline differs from adrenaline in that it has

A

one fewer methyl group

25
Q

An enzyme involved in the breakdown of monoamine neurotransmitters in the adrenaline synthesis pathway is

A

catechol-O-methyltransferase

26
Q

What transport are

nicotinic acetylcholine receptors involved in

A

active transport of cations, powered by hydrolysis

27
Q

NA reversing slowing of the heart produced by activation of mAChRs is an example of what type of antagonism.

A

Functional antagonism as NA itself is an agonist.

28
Q

Blockade of which adrenoreceptor produces dilation of blood vessels

A

alpha 1

29
Q

What is a naturally occurring inhibitor of the clotting cascade?

A

Heparin

30
Q

What channel does ω-agatoxin block?

A

P-type channels.

31
Q

Theophylline targets

A

adenosine receptors and phosphodiesterases

32
Q

What drug can’t be used if a patient has hypokalaemia

A

Digoxin

33
Q

How long after allergen contact before the inflammatory phase of bronchial asthma occurs

A

6 hours

34
Q

Mast granules contain

A

Proteases

histamine

35
Q

Late mediators required by mast cells

A

Prostaglandins

Leukotrienes

36
Q

Where is ACE primarily produced?

A

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

37
Q

What enzyme does aliskiren target?

A

Renin

38
Q

clinical trial that demonstrated Ca2+channel blockers and ACE inhibitors to be superior to beta blockers and diuretics

A

ASCOT trial

39
Q

Reynaud’s phenomenon can be precipitated by which class of antihypertensive drugs

A

Beta Blockers

40
Q

Which drug class results in reduced levels of bradykinin?

A

ACE inhibitors

41
Q

Where do local anaesthetics primarily act?

A

Sodium channels

42
Q

Unfractionated heparins bind directly to

A

anti-thrombin III
factor IIa
thrombin

43
Q

Glucocorticoid receptors are found where

A

NHRs found in the cytoplasm

44
Q

anti-asthmatic effect of beclometasone is due to actions at what receptors

A

Intracellular hormone receptors

45
Q

What receptor does theophylline antagonise?

A

adenosine A1 receptor

46
Q

How does ezetimibe lower LDL levels?

A

Inhibit proteins in the gut

47
Q

What AChR is gated by a neurotransmitter?

A

mAChR

48
Q

Clinical trial that demonstrated the superiority of Ca channel blocking drugs over Beta blockers was the

A

ASCOT trial

Neuroscience (22 decks)

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