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Renal AM > Nephrotic syndrome > Flashcards

Nephrotic syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

What is nephrotic syndrome?

A

Triad of

  • proteinuria >3g/24 hours
  • hypoalbuminaemia <30
  • oedema
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2
Q

What is minimal change disease?

A

Most common cause nephrotic syndrome in children and young adults

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3
Q

What can cause minimal change disease?

A

Hodgkin

NSAIDs

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4
Q

hat is the presentation of minimal change disease?

A

Sudden onset oedema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia

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5
Q

What is the management for minimal change disease?

A

High dose steroids with slow taper once in remission

Immunosuppression for relapses

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6
Q

What is the prognosis for minimal change disease?

A

Relapses but overall good

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7
Q

What is membranous glomerulonephritis?

A

Thickened but leaky glomerular membrane

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8
Q

What causes membranous glomerulonephritis?

A

Infection
RA
MAlignancy

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9
Q

What is the presentation of membranous glomerulonephritis?

A

Oedema
Proteinuria
Hypoalbuminaemia
CKD

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10
Q

What is the management of membranous glomerulonephritis?

A

Immunosuppression if symptomatic

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11
Q

What causes focal segmental glomerulonephritis?

A

Idiopathic

Secondary to HIV

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12
Q

What is the presentation of focal segmental glomerulonephritis?

A

Proteiuria
Oedema
Hypoalbuminaemia
CKD

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13
Q

What is the prognosis for focal segmental glomerulonephritis?

A

High chance of progression to end stage kidney disease

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14
Q

What is the most common cause of end stage kidney disease?

A

Diabetic nephropathy

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15
Q

How is diabetic nephropathy diagnosed?

A

> 10 years diabetes with albuminuria and/or reduced GFR without signs or symptoms of other primary cause of kidney damage

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16
Q

What is the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy?

A

Small vessel disease –> mesangial expansion, glomerular basement membrane thickening and damage
Bowman’s capsule adheres to glomerulus

17
Q

What is the presentation of diabetic nephropathy?

A 
Nocturia
Proteinuria
Hypoalbuminaemia
Oedema
Poor diabetic control
Hypertension
18
Q

What is the management of diabetic nephropathy?

A

ACEi

Glycaemic control

19
Q

What are some causes of nephrotic syndrome?

A 
Diabetic nephropathy
Amyloidosis
Focal segmental glomerulonephritis
Membranous glomerulonephritis
Minimal change disease

Renal AM (15 decks)

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