Neoplasia

Question 1

Benign ends in _______

Answer 1

Oma

Question 2

Benign from glandular epithelium

Answer 2

Adenoma

Question 3

Cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat , muscle, blood vessels, or other supportive tissue

Answer 3

Sarcoma

Question 4

T/F sarcomas are malignant

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Lack of differentiation (malignancy hallmark)

Answer 5

Anaplasia

Question 6

T/F benign tumors often show dysplasia

Answer 6

False; cancer cells often show displeasing (disordered growth)

Question 7

Which type of tumor is typically well differentiated

Answer 7

Benign

Question 8

Most mutagens are _________, but not all carcinogens are __________

Answer 8

Carcinogens, mutagens

Question 9

HTLV1 is an examples of a

Answer 9

Oncogenic RNA virus

Question 10

HPV, Eppstein Barr, hepatitis are examples of

Answer 10

Oncogenic DNA viruses

Question 11

What are the driver mutations

Answer 11

Oncogenes (kRAS)
Tumor suppressors (p53)
DNA repair genes (PARP)

Question 12

What are the hallmarks of cancers

Answer 12

Resisting death
Sustaining signaling 
Evading growth supressors
Activating invasion and metastasis
Enabling replication immortality
Inducing angiogenesis

Question 13

What are the emerging hallmarks of cancer

Answer 13

Deregulating cellular energetic

Avoiding immune destruction

Question 14

What are the enabling characteristics

Answer 14

Genome instability and mutation

Tumor-promoting inflammation

Question 15

SUSTAINED PROLIFERATIVE SIGNALING

What are pro-oncogenes and oncogene examples

Answer 15

EGFR, RAS, MYC, Cyclin D

Question 16

EVASION OF GROWTH SUPRESSORS

What are the tumor supressors

Answer 16

P53 and RB, need two hits

Question 17

What happens when RB is hyper phosphorylated

Answer 17

It releases E2F for proliferation

Question 18

At what phase is the R point

Answer 18

G1

Question 19

EVADING IMMUNE SURVEILLANCE. How do cells do this

Answer 19

Presenting PDL or CTLA4 to turn off T cells

Question 20

Cushing’s syndrome ________cortisolism

Answer 20

Hyper