GI Digestion and Absorption

Question 1

where are bile salts absorbed

Answer 1

distal ileum

Question 2

what is affected if there is an inflammatory condition in the terminal ileum

Answer 2

bile salt absorption, B12 absorbtions

Question 3

what is the function of plicae circularis

Answer 3

slows down chyme

Question 4

what is the effect of dietary fibers on cholesterol

Answer 4

increase excretion (bind to bile salts)

Question 5

how come salivary amylase doesnt work in stomach

Answer 5

does not work in acidic pH

Question 6

pancreatic amylase hydrolyzes starch and glycogen to

Answer 6

maltose

Question 7

at what pH does pancreatic amylase work

Answer 7

neutral

Question 8

can intestines digest disaccharides

Answer 8

no

Question 9

what transporters are used to absorb glucose and galactose

Answer 9

SGLT1 (also need Na) secondary active

Question 10

how is fructose absorbed

Answer 10

carrier mediated (NOT NA DEPENDENT)

Question 11

sugar absorbed is moved to the

Answer 11

liver

Question 12

is disaccharide deficiency congential or aquired

Answer 12

could be either

Question 13

90% of lipid intake is

Answer 13

Triglycerides

Question 14

DHA and ERA are essential for

Answer 14

development of vision in newborns

Question 15

acid lipase breaks down

Answer 15

median chain FA, essential for infants

Question 16

what does pancreatic lipase do

Answer 16

Hydrolysis of TG to 2 FA and 2-monoglyceride

Question 17

what does pancreatic colipase do

Answer 17

binds to lipase and allows lipase to the oil interphase, allows better interaction and counteracts bile salt inhibition of lipase

Question 18

what is the major pancreatic enzyme for digesting

Answer 18

Phospholipase A2;

Question 19

cholesterol ester is hydrolyzed by ________ to make cholesterol + FA

Answer 19

pancreatic cholesterol esterase

Question 20

T/F bile salts are water soluable

Answer 20

T

Question 21

How do bile salts aid in fat absorption

Answer 21

emulsification of fat droplets and lipids

Question 22

_________ decreases intestinal absorption of cholesterol

Answer 22

ezetimibe

Question 23

where are MG and FA resassembled to TG

Answer 23

SER

Question 24

chylomicrons transport ______, VLDL transport ______

Answer 24

fat, cholesterol

Question 25

most medium and shortchain FAs are transported via

Answer 25

hepatic portal route

Question 26

what is APO A-1 needed for

Answer 26

LCAT, creates cholesterol ester

Question 27

what are the major APO proteins

Answer 27

A-1, A-IV, B

Question 28

pancreatic or bile salt deficiency results in

Answer 28

fat in stool (steatorrhea)

Question 29

poor fat absorbtion results in a deficiency of which vitamine

Answer 29

ADEK

Question 30

what is abetalipoprotinemia

Answer 30

no APO-B, cant make chylormicrons or VLDL, accumulation of lipid droplets in cytoplasm of enterocytes

Question 31

Lack of APO B is caused by a deficiency in

Answer 31

MTTP

Question 32

what is the effect of VIP on contractions? secretions?

Answer 32

negative, postitive

Question 33

what is the effect of gastrin on motility? Ach?

Answer 33

stim contraction, stim strength of contract

Question 34

pancreatic endopeptidase that splits basic AA

Answer 34

trypsin

Question 35

pancreatic endopeptidase that attacks aromatic

Answer 35

chymotrypsin

Question 36

pancreatic endopeptidase that attack neutral aliphatic

Answer 36

elastase

Question 37

pancreatic exopeptidase that attack neutral aliphatic or aromatic

Answer 37

carboxypeptidase A

Question 38

pancreatic exopeptidase that attack basic AA

Answer 38

carboxypeptidase B

Question 39

intestines only absorbs what peptides

Answer 39

mono, di, tri

Question 40

________rapidly dimmensish leakiness of fetal intestine

Answer 40

clostrum

Question 41

T/F intact IgG absorbtion is a mode of passive immunity

Answer 41

false

Question 42

gastritis, resection makes poor digestion of

Answer 42

collagen

Question 43

hartnup disease is defective carrier of

Answer 43

neutral AA

Question 44

cystinuria involves defective carrier of

Answer 44

basic AA, and cysteine

Question 45

hartnup and cystinuria can be treated with

Answer 45

dipeptides

Question 46

vitamin A, what you get, absorption, storage, def

Answer 46

retinol passive immunity, stored in liver | deficiency -night blindness and skin lesions

Question 47

Vitamin D absorption, what its used for, def

Answer 47

passively absorbed, incorporated to chylomicrons, def causes rickets, osteomalacia

Question 48

vitamin E transportation, def

Answer 48

lipoproteins and RBCs def-fragile RBC

Question 49

Vitamin K derivation, usage, deficienct

Answer 49

vegetables, chylomicrons, bleeding disorder

Question 50

which does not need chylomircons

Answer 50

vitamin E

Question 51

Niacin what it does, required for, def

Answer 51

reduces plasma cholesterol, oxidation-reduction reaction, def-Dermatidis, Dementia, Diarrhea

Question 52

B6 defieincey

Answer 52

anemia

Question 53

how is folic acid uptaken and what is deficiency

Answer 53

facilitated transprt, magablastic anemia

Question 54

B12 location of absorbtion, defi

Answer 54

terminal ileum, pernicious anemia