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BECOM II EXAM IV > GI Digestion and Absorption > Flashcards

GI Digestion and Absorption Flashcards

1
Q

where are bile salts absorbed

A

distal ileum

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2
Q

what is affected if there is an inflammatory condition in the terminal ileum

A

bile salt absorption, B12 absorbtions

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3
Q

what is the function of plicae circularis

A

slows down chyme

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4
Q

what is the effect of dietary fibers on cholesterol

A

increase excretion (bind to bile salts)

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5
Q

how come salivary amylase doesnt work in stomach

A

does not work in acidic pH

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6
Q

pancreatic amylase hydrolyzes starch and glycogen to

A

maltose

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7
Q

at what pH does pancreatic amylase work

A

neutral

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8
Q

can intestines digest disaccharides

A

no

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9
Q

what transporters are used to absorb glucose and galactose

A

SGLT1 (also need Na) secondary active

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10
Q

how is fructose absorbed

A

carrier mediated (NOT NA DEPENDENT)

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11
Q

sugar absorbed is moved to the

A

liver

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12
Q

is disaccharide deficiency congential or aquired

A

could be either

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13
Q

90% of lipid intake is

A

Triglycerides

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14
Q

DHA and ERA are essential for

A

development of vision in newborns

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15
Q

acid lipase breaks down

A

median chain FA, essential for infants

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16
Q

what does pancreatic lipase do

A

Hydrolysis of TG to 2 FA and 2-monoglyceride

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17
Q

what does pancreatic colipase do

A

binds to lipase and allows lipase to the oil interphase, allows better interaction and counteracts bile salt inhibition of lipase

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18
Q

what is the major pancreatic enzyme for digesting

A

Phospholipase A2;

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19
Q

cholesterol ester is hydrolyzed by ________ to make cholesterol + FA

A

pancreatic cholesterol esterase

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20
Q

T/F bile salts are water soluable

A

T

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21
Q

How do bile salts aid in fat absorption

A

emulsification of fat droplets and lipids

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22
Q

_________ decreases intestinal absorption of cholesterol

A

ezetimibe

23
Q

where are MG and FA resassembled to TG

A

SER

24
Q

chylomicrons transport ______, VLDL transport ______

A

fat, cholesterol

25
Q

most medium and shortchain FAs are transported via

A

hepatic portal route

26
Q

what is APO A-1 needed for

A

LCAT, creates cholesterol ester

27
Q

what are the major APO proteins

A

A-1, A-IV, B

28
Q

pancreatic or bile salt deficiency results in

A

fat in stool (steatorrhea)

29
Q

poor fat absorbtion results in a deficiency of which vitamine

A

ADEK

30
Q

what is abetalipoprotinemia

A

no APO-B, cant make chylormicrons or VLDL, accumulation of lipid droplets in cytoplasm of enterocytes

31
Q

Lack of APO B is caused by a deficiency in

A

MTTP

32
Q

what is the effect of VIP on contractions? secretions?

A

negative, postitive

33
Q

what is the effect of gastrin on motility? Ach?

A

stim contraction, stim strength of contract

34
Q

pancreatic endopeptidase that splits basic AA

A

trypsin

35
Q

pancreatic endopeptidase that attacks aromatic

A

chymotrypsin

36
Q

pancreatic endopeptidase that attack neutral aliphatic

A

elastase

37
Q

pancreatic exopeptidase that attack neutral aliphatic or aromatic

A

carboxypeptidase A

38
Q

pancreatic exopeptidase that attack basic AA

A

carboxypeptidase B

39
Q

intestines only absorbs what peptides

A

mono, di, tri

40
Q

________rapidly dimmensish leakiness of fetal intestine

A

clostrum

41
Q

T/F intact IgG absorbtion is a mode of passive immunity

A

false

42
Q

gastritis, resection makes poor digestion of

A

collagen

43
Q

hartnup disease is defective carrier of

A

neutral AA

44
Q

cystinuria involves defective carrier of

A

basic AA, and cysteine

45
Q

hartnup and cystinuria can be treated with

A

dipeptides

46
Q

vitamin A, what you get, absorption, storage, def

A

retinol passive immunity, stored in liver

deficiency -night blindness and skin lesions

47
Q

Vitamin D absorption, what its used for, def

A

passively absorbed, incorporated to chylomicrons, def causes rickets, osteomalacia

48
Q

vitamin E transportation, def

A

lipoproteins and RBCs def-fragile RBC

49
Q

Vitamin K derivation, usage, deficienct

A

vegetables, chylomicrons, bleeding disorder

50
Q

which does not need chylomircons

A

vitamin E

51
Q

Niacin what it does, required for, def

A

reduces plasma cholesterol, oxidation-reduction reaction, def-Dermatidis, Dementia, Diarrhea

52
Q

B6 defieincey

A

anemia

53
Q

how is folic acid uptaken and what is deficiency

A

facilitated transprt, magablastic anemia

54
Q

B12 location of absorbtion, defi

A

terminal ileum, pernicious anemia

BECOM II EXAM IV (19 decks)

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