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BECOM II EXAM IV > GI Movement > Flashcards

GI Movement Flashcards

1
Q

peristaltic reflex is initiated by the

A

ENS

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2
Q

Long distance propultion is prevented by

A

closing the transmembrane gates

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3
Q

what part of controls swallowing

A

midbrain

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4
Q

what is esophageal achalasia

A

loss of LES inhibition

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5
Q

what are the stomach functions

A

(MESS) mixing, emptying, storage, secretion

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6
Q

motor behavior of antral pump is generated by

A

gastric ICC

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7
Q

what is the leading contraction of the antral pump caused by

A

rising phase of AP

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8
Q

is the pyloric sphincter opened or closed on the leading contraction

A

closed

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9
Q

T/F AP in the antral trunk does not occur in the absence of any nuerotransmitter

A

false, it does occur

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10
Q

what is the affect of ACh on the amplitude of the plateau phase of antral contraction

A

increases amplitude

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11
Q

what is the effect of gastrin on the activity of the pyloric pump

A

stimulates

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12
Q

what nerotransmitters decrease the amplitude of the plateau phase and that of associated contractions

A

NE and VIP

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13
Q

what are the two primary functions of the gastric resevoir

A

accommodation of food, maintain compressive force (inhibited by insulin)

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14
Q

what is receptive relaxation

A

mechanoreceptors in pharynx during swallowing stimulate the vagus to inhibit musculomotor neurons, thus stretching stomach

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15
Q

what is the adaptive reflex

A

stretching of stomach causes vasovagal reflex to inhibit musculomotr neurons, stretching out stomach. this is lost in vagotomy and diabetic neuropathy

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16
Q

what is feedback relaxation

A

presence of nutrients in SI stimulate vagus to stretch, slow down

17
Q

what are the characteristics that make emptying slower

A

high caloric content, high acidity, hyper/hypotonic, large food particles, smaller gastric emptying

18
Q

duodenal factors in gastric emptying

A

distention, irritaion, acidity, osmolality, breakdown of proteins, hormonal feedback (GIP, CCK)

19
Q

what happens in the absence of MMC

A

bacterial overgrowth

20
Q

what is the purpose of the MMC

A

sweeps up the intestine

21
Q

when does MMC end

A

ingestion

22
Q

MMC relies on program of

A

ENS

23
Q

what is the effect of the vagus nerve on MMC

A

inhibitory, without vagus stimulation MMC occurs

24
Q

what type of relaxation allows the ascending colon to accept large volumes of chyme from ileum

A

adaptive

25
Q

haustration is powered by

A

ENS

26
Q

irritant laxatives stimulate

A

power propulsion (starts in middle of transverse colon), also gastrocolic reflex

27
Q

responsible for mass movement to sigmoid colon and rectum

A

neural program

28
Q

following a bilateral vagotamy which is lost

A

gastric adaptive reflex

29
Q

allows ibuprofen to reach the intestine fastest

A

saline

30
Q

defecation reflex is powered by

A

spinal reflex

BECOM II EXAM IV (19 decks)

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