GI Movement

Question 1

peristaltic reflex is initiated by the

Answer 1

ENS

Question 2

Long distance propultion is prevented by

Answer 2

closing the transmembrane gates

Question 3

what part of controls swallowing

Answer 3

midbrain

Question 4

what is esophageal achalasia

Answer 4

loss of LES inhibition

Question 5

what are the stomach functions

Answer 5

(MESS) mixing, emptying, storage, secretion

Question 6

motor behavior of antral pump is generated by

Answer 6

gastric ICC

Question 7

what is the leading contraction of the antral pump caused by

Answer 7

rising phase of AP

Question 8

is the pyloric sphincter opened or closed on the leading contraction

Answer 8

closed

Question 9

T/F AP in the antral trunk does not occur in the absence of any nuerotransmitter

Answer 9

false, it does occur

Question 10

what is the affect of ACh on the amplitude of the plateau phase of antral contraction

Answer 10

increases amplitude

Question 11

what is the effect of gastrin on the activity of the pyloric pump

Answer 11

stimulates

Question 12

what nerotransmitters decrease the amplitude of the plateau phase and that of associated contractions

Answer 12

NE and VIP

Question 13

what are the two primary functions of the gastric resevoir

Answer 13

accommodation of food, maintain compressive force (inhibited by insulin)

Question 14

what is receptive relaxation

Answer 14

mechanoreceptors in pharynx during swallowing stimulate the vagus to inhibit musculomotor neurons, thus stretching stomach

Question 15

what is the adaptive reflex

Answer 15

stretching of stomach causes vasovagal reflex to inhibit musculomotr neurons, stretching out stomach. this is lost in vagotomy and diabetic neuropathy

Question 16

what is feedback relaxation

Answer 16

presence of nutrients in SI stimulate vagus to stretch, slow down

Question 17

what are the characteristics that make emptying slower

Answer 17

high caloric content, high acidity, hyper/hypotonic, large food particles, smaller gastric emptying

Question 18

duodenal factors in gastric emptying

Answer 18

distention, irritaion, acidity, osmolality, breakdown of proteins, hormonal feedback (GIP, CCK)

Question 19

what happens in the absence of MMC

Answer 19

bacterial overgrowth

Question 20

what is the purpose of the MMC

Answer 20

sweeps up the intestine

Question 21

when does MMC end

Answer 21

ingestion

Question 22

MMC relies on program of

Answer 22

ENS

Question 23

what is the effect of the vagus nerve on MMC

Answer 23

inhibitory, without vagus stimulation MMC occurs

Question 24

what type of relaxation allows the ascending colon to accept large volumes of chyme from ileum

Answer 24

adaptive

Question 25

haustration is powered by

Answer 25

ENS

Question 26

irritant laxatives stimulate

Answer 26

power propulsion (starts in middle of transverse colon), also gastrocolic reflex

Question 27

responsible for mass movement to sigmoid colon and rectum

Answer 27

neural program

Question 28

following a bilateral vagotamy which is lost

Answer 28

gastric adaptive reflex

Question 29

allows ibuprofen to reach the intestine fastest

Answer 29

saline

Question 30

defecation reflex is powered by

Answer 30

spinal reflex